Assembly, accretion, and break-up of the Palaeo-Mesoproterozoic Columbia supercontinent: record in the North China Craton revisited
Assembly, accretion, and break-up of the Palaeo-Mesoproterozoic Columbia supercontinent: record in the North China Craton revisited
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DOI：
10.1080/00206814.2010.527631
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发表时间：
2011-02
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Guochun Zhao;San-zhong Li;M. Sun;S. Wilde
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Guochun Zhao;San-zhong Li;M. Sun;S. Wilde
哥伦比亚是一个古-中元古代超大陆，在全球2.0- 1.8Ga碰撞事件中聚集，在1.8- 1.3Ga期间在关键大陆边缘经历了与俯冲有关的长期增生，在1.16Ga前开始破碎，在1.13Ga最终解体。与大多数其他板块（劳伦蒂亚、波罗的海、西伯利亚、亚马逊、西非、南非、印度、澳大利亚和南极洲）相似，华北板块记录了哥伦比亚超大陆的组装、增生和解体的历史。新的资料表明，华北陆块的早古生代-古元古代基底是由沿着孔兹岩带、胶辽吉带和横贯华北造山带的三条古元古代碰撞带的微陆块组合而成的。孔兹岩带是阴山地块与鄂尔多斯地块碰撞形成的，并在1.95Ga合并形成西部地块。东部地块在2.2- 1.9Ga经历了古元古代裂陷作用，裂解为龙岗地块和楠林地块，然后在1.9Ga裂陷盆地/初始洋闭合，俯冲碰撞形成胶辽吉带。最后，东西两块体沿着横贯华北造山带碰撞，形成华北造山带的相干基底。在此最后的组装之后，华北陆块在其南缘于1.78-1.45 Ga期间经历了与俯冲有关的增生作用，形成了熊耳火山带。1.6- 1.2Ga，华北克拉通北方边缘经历了一次裂谷事件，导致克拉通与哥伦比亚超大陆的其他板块分离，形成了1.6- 1.2Ga的扎尔台-白云鄂博裂谷带和沿着克拉通北方边缘的1.35Ga基性岩床。这些数据表明，在哥伦比亚的任何配置，华北陆块的南部边缘必须面对一个开放的海洋，而其北方边缘连接到另一个大陆块。
Columbia is a Palaeo-Mesoproterozoic supercontinent that was assembled during global 2.0–1.8 Ga collisional events, underwent long-lived, subduction-related accretion at key continental margins in the period 1.8–1.3 Ga, commenced to fragment ∼1.6 Ga ago, and finally broke up at ∼1.3 Ga. Similar to most other cratonic blocks (Laurentia, Baltica, Siberia, Amazonia, West African, South Africa, India, Australia, and Antarctica), the North China Craton records the history of assembly, accretion, and break-up of the Columbia supercontinent. New data indicate that the Archaean to Palaeoproterozoic basement of the North China Craton was assembled by microcontinental blocks along three Palaeoproterozoic collisional belts: the Khondalite Belt, the Jiao-Liao-Ji Belt, and the Trans-North China Orogen. The Khondalite Belt was formed by collision between the Yinshan and Ordos blocks and was amalgamated to form the Western Block at ∼1.95 Ga. The Eastern Block underwent Palaeoproterozoic rifting at 2.2–1.9 Ga to break-up into the Longgang and Nangrim blocks; then the rift basin/incipient ocean closed attending subduction and collision to form the Jiao-Liao-Ji Belt at ∼1.9 Ga. Finally, the Western and Eastern blocks collided along the Trans-North China Orogen to form the coherent basement of the North China Craton at ∼1.85 Ga. Following this final assembly, the North China Craton underwent subduction-related accretion at its southern margin during the period 1.78–1.45 Ga, forming the Xiong'er volcanic belt. At 1.6–1.2 Ga, the northern margin of the North China Craton underwent a rifting event that led to separation of the craton from other cratonic blocks of the supercontinent Columbia, forming the 1.6–1.2 Ga Zhaertai-Bayan Obo rift zone and associated 1.35 Ga mafic sills along the northern margin of the craton. These data indicate that in any configuration of Columbia, the southern margin of the North China Craton must have faced an open ocean, whereas its northern margin was connected to another continental block.