Neural Circuits of Inputs and Outputs of the Cerebellar Cortex and Nuclei
Neural Circuits of Inputs and Outputs of the Cerebellar Cortex and Nuclei
复制标题
小脑皮层和核的输入和输出的神经电路
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.07.051
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Mayu Takahashi and Yoshikazu Shinoda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takahashi M;Sugiuchi Y;Shinoda Y;Mayu Takahashi and Yoshikazu Shinoda
这篇文章是为了纪念伊藤正雄。伊藤正雄做出了许多重要贡献，揭示了小脑在运动控制中的功能。他对小脑生理学的开创性贡献始于他发现了小脑浦肯野细胞对靶神经元的抑制和解除抑制，以及他发现平行的纤维-浦肯野细胞突触存在长期抑制。浦肯野细胞形成了伊藤正雄通过小脑控制运动的里程碑式模型的结点。这些发现成为他关于小叶假说、自适应运动控制系统和小脑运动学习的想法的基础，激发了许多新的实验来检验他的假说。这篇文章将追溯伊藤和他的同事在分析小脑皮层和核的输入输出组织的神经电路方面的成就，特别是在运动控制方面。本文将讨论一些已经解决的重要问题，以及为了我们理解小脑的运动控制而有待解决的问题。
This article is dedicated to the memory of Masao Ito. Masao Ito made numerous important contributions revealing the function of the cerebellum in motor control. His pioneering contributions to cerebellar physiology began with his discovery of inhibition and disinhibition of target neurons by cerebellar Purkinje cells, and his discovery of the presence of long-term depression in parallel fiber–Purkinje cell synapses. Purkinje cells formed the nodal point of Masao Ito’s landmark model of motor control by the cerebellum. These discoveries became the basis for his ideas regarding the flocculus hypothesis, the adaptive motor control system, and motor learning by the cerebellum, inspiring many new experiments to test his hypotheses. This article will trace the achievements of Ito and colleagues in analyzing the neural circuits of the input–output organization of the cerebellar cortex and nuclei, particularly with respect to motor control. The article will discuss some of the important issues that have been solved and also those that remain to be solved for our understanding of motor control by the cerebellum.