Accumulation of contaminants in fish from wastewater treatment wetlands
Accumulation of contaminants in fish from wastewater treatment wetlands
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DOI：
10.1021/es0514287
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发表时间：
2006-01-15
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Wass, RD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barber, LB;Keefe, SH;Wass, RD
干旱环境对水资源的需求日益增加，使得城市废水的回收和再利用成为水预算的一个重要组成部分。处理湿地可以是水再利用循环的一个组成部分，既能提高水质，又能发挥生境功能。当用于生境时，废水中污染物的生物累积潜力是一个关键的考虑因素。水和鱼类样本收集的特雷斯里奥斯示范人工湿地附近的凤凰城，亚利桑那州，使用二次处理的废水，以维持在沙漠环境中的水生生态系统，进行了分析，疏水有机化合物（HOC）和微量元素。采用半透膜装置（SPMD）研究HOC的摄取。湿地有效地去除了HOC，除草剂，农药和有机废水污染物的浓度下降了40-99%之间的入口和出口。对罗非鱼、莫桑比克鱼和食蚊鱼的分析表明，HOC积累，包括p，p '-DDE和反式-九甲草胺。SPMD积累了在鱼组织中检测到的HOC以及其他化合物。全鱼组织中的微量元素浓度变化很大，但两个物种之间是相似的。HOC和微量元素的浓度在不同的鱼组织隔室，并在罗非鱼肝组织中的浓度大于在整个生物体或鱼片组织。微量元素的生物富集系数范围为5至58 000，HOC的生物富集系数范围为530至150 000。
Increasing demands on water resources in arid environments make reclamation and reuse of municipal wastewater an important component of the water budget. Treatment wetlands can be an integral part of the water-reuse cycle providing both water-quality enhancement and habitat functions. When used for habitat, the bioaccumulation potential of contaminants in the wastewater is a critical consideration. Water and fish samples collected from the Tres Rios Demonstration Constructed Wetlands near Phoenix, Arizona, which uses secondary-treated wastewater to maintain an aquatic ecosystem in a desert environment, were analyzed for hydrophobic organic compounds (HOC) and trace elements. Semipermeable membrane devices (SPMD) were deployed to investigate uptake of HOC. The wetlands effectively removed HOC, and concentrations of herbicides, pesticides, and organic wastewater contaminants decreased 40-99% between inlet and outlet. Analysis of Tilapia, mossambica and Gambusia affinis indicated accumulation of HOC, including p,p'-DDE and trans-nonachlor. The SPMD accumulated the HOC detected in the fish tissue as well as additional compounds. Trace-element concentrations in whole-fish tissue were highly variable, but were similar between the two species. Concentrations of HOC and trace elements varied in different fish tissue compartments, and concentrations in Tilapia liver tissue were greater than those in the whole organism or filet tissue. Bioconcentration factors for the trace elements ranged from 5 to 58 000 and for the HOC ranged from 530 to 150 000.