Opioids and breathing.
Opioids and breathing.
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阿片类药物和呼吸。
DOI：
10.1152/jappl.1985.59.6.1675
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发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Edelman,NH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Santiago,TV;Edelman,NH
本综述总结了阿片类药物和各种内源性阿片肽对呼吸影响的最新进展。这些进展包括证明阿片类药物在脑桥和延髓中应用的受体和位点特异性效应，证明成瘾个体及其后代对呼吸反应的可变耐受性，以及证明内源性阿片类药物对新生儿早期以及某些生理环境和疾病状态下呼吸的影响。还讨论了使用纳洛酮作为揭示假定的内源性阿片类药物影响的工具的有效性和局限性，以及使用这种阿片拮抗剂药物的各种环境所带来的潜在问题。结论是，内源性阿片类药物在疼痛调节中的作用与其在呼吸中的作用（尤其是在成人中）之间存在一定的相似性。尽管还需要更多的研究，特别是在确定各种阿片受体和配体的具体作用方面，但人们认为内源性阿片类药物对呼吸控制的影响可能是通过抑制途径调节对药物或伤害性呼吸刺激的反应之一。
This review summarizes recent developments on the effects of opiate drugs and the various endogenous opioid peptides on breathing. These developments include demonstration of receptors and site-specific effects of application of opioids in the pons and medulla, demonstration of variable tolerance of respiratory responses in addicted individuals as well as their offspring, and demonstration of an endogenous opioid influence on breathing in early neonatal life and in certain physiological settings and disease states. The validity and limitations of using naloxone as a tool to uncover postulated endogenous opioid influences are also discussed as well as the potential problems imposed by the various settings in which this opiate antagonist drug is used. It is concluded that some parallelism exists between the role of endogenous opioids in pain modulation and their role in respiration especially in adults. Although more studies are needed especially with regard to defining specific effects of the various opioid receptors and ligands, it is felt that the effects of endogenous opioids on the control of breathing will probably be one of modulating the responses to drugs or nociceptive respiratory stimuli through inhibitory pathways.