Prevalence of intimate partner violence and abuse and associated factors among women enrolled into a cluster randomised trial in northwestern Tanzania.
Prevalence of intimate partner violence and abuse and associated factors among women enrolled into a cluster randomised trial in northwestern Tanzania.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-017-4119-9
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发表时间：
2017-02-14
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Watts C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kapiga S;Harvey S;Muhammad AK;Stöckl H;Mshana G;Hashim R;Hansen C;Lees S;Watts C
亲密伴侣暴力被认为是一个重要的公共卫生和社会问题，对妇女的身心健康和社会福祉具有深远的影响。此外，伴侣的控制行为对妇女的福祉也有类似的影响，但对坦桑尼亚和其他撒哈拉以南非洲国家中这种行为和其他相关虐待行为的普遍程度知之甚少。我们进行了一项横断面研究，以确定坦桑尼亚姆万扎有过伴侣的女性的身体和性IPV、经济虐待、情感虐待和控制行为的一生和过去12个月的流行率。妇女(N = 1049)参加了一项正在进行的试验(Maisha研究)，以评估小额信贷与性别培训相结合对参与者的经验、IPV和其他相关结果的影响。采访由同性访谈者进行，以收集有关社会人口学特征、特定IPV和虐待行为的经历以及精神健康状况不佳的症状的信息。总体而言，约61%的女性报告在过去12个月内经历过身体和/或性IPV(95%可信区间：58-%)和27%(95%可信区间：24-29%)。伴侣控制行为是最普遍的虐待类型，82%的人在一生中经历过，63%的人在过去12个月中经历过。其他类型的虐待也很常见，在过去12个月里，34%的女性报告了经济虐待，39%的女性报告了情感虐待。感染艾滋病毒和虐待的流行情况因社会人口特征而异，在年轻妇女、有年轻伴侣的妇女和受教育程度较低的妇女中的流行率要高得多。在我们调整了年龄和社会经济状况后，身体暴力(OR = 1.8；95%CI：1.3-2.7)和性暴力(OR = 2.8；95%CI：1.9-4.1)与精神健康不良症状的报告增加相关。同样，过去12个月中虐待的经历与报告的精神健康不良症状的增加有关。艾滋病毒和虐待的高流行率及其与精神健康不良症状的密切联系突出表明，迫切需要在坦桑尼亚这样的环境中制定和测试适当的干预措施，以处理亲密伴侣之间的暴力和虐待行为。ClinicalTrials.gov-ID NCT02592252，追溯登记于2015年8月13日。
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is recognised as an important public health and social problem, with far reaching consequences for women’s physical and emotional health and social well-being. Furthermore, controlling behaviour by a partner has a similar impact on women’s well-being, yet little is known about the prevalence of this type of behaviour and other related abuses in Tanzania and in other sub-Saharan African countries. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the lifetime and past 12-month prevalence of physical and sexual IPV, economic abuse, emotional abuse and controlling behaviour among ever-partnered women in Mwanza, Tanzania. Women (N = 1049) were enrolled in an ongoing trial (Maisha study) to assess the impact of microfinance combined with gender training on participants’ experience IPV, and other related outcomes. Interviews were conducted by same sex interviewers to collect information about socio-demographic characteristics, experiences of specific acts of IPV and abuse, and symptoms of poor mental health status. Overall, about 61% of women reported ever experiencing physical and/or sexual IPV (95% CI: 58–64%) and 27% (95% CI: 24–29%) experienced it in the past 12 months. Partner controlling behaviour was the most prevalent type of abuse with 82% experiencing it in their lifetime and 63% during the past 12 months. Other types of abuses were also common, with 34% of women reporting economic abuse and 39% reporting emotional abuse during the past 12 months. The prevalence of IPV and abuses varied by socio-demographic characteristics, showing much higher prevalence rates among younger women, women with young partners and less educated women. After we adjusted for age and socio-economic status, physical violence (OR = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.3–2.7) and sexual violence (OR = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.9–4.1) were associated with increased reporting of symptoms of poor mental health. Similarly, experience of abuse during the past 12 months was associated with increased reporting of symptoms of poor mental health. The high prevalence of IPV and abuses and its strong links with symptoms of poor mental health underline the urgent need for developing and testing appropriate interventions in settings like Tanzania to tackle both violence and abusive behaviours among intimate partners. ClinicalTrials.gov – ID NCT02592252, registered retrospectively on 13 August 2015.