Economic natural resource deposits at terrestrial impact structures
Economic natural resource deposits at terrestrial impact structures
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陆地影响结构的经济自然资源矿藏
DOI：
10.1144/gsl.sp.2005.248.01.01
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Grieve
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Grieve
摘要 与陆地撞击结构相关的经济矿床范围从世界级到相对局部的矿床。更重要的沉积物按照撞击事件的分类进行介绍：前生、同生或后生。然而，越来越多的证据表明，大型撞击构造的撞击后热液系统已经重新激活了一些前生矿床，例如弗里德堡撞击构造的一些 Witwatersrand 金矿床。与撞击相关的热液活动也可能在同生“岩浆”矿床的矿石形成中发挥重要作用，例如与萨德伯里撞击结构相关的铜镍铂族元素矿石。尽管弗里德堡和萨德伯里拥有世界级的矿藏，但从经济角度来看，碳氢化合物生产在撞击结构发现的自然资源矿藏中占主导地位。北美与影响相关的资源的总价值估计为每年 180 亿美元。许多撞击结构仍有待发现，作为资源勘探的目标，它们相对不变但与规模相关的特性可能为勘探策略提供帮助。
Abstract Economic deposits associated with terrestrial impact structures range from world-class to relatively localized occurrences. The more significant deposits are introduced under the classification: progenetic, syngenetic or epigenetic, with respect to the impact event. However, there is increasing evidence that post-impact hydrothermal systems at large impact structures have remobilized some progenetic deposits, such as some of the Witwatersrand gold deposits at the Vredefort impact structure. Impact-related hydrothermal activity may also have had a significant role in the formation of ores at such syngenetic ‘magmatic’ deposits as the Cu-Ni-platinum-group elements ores associated with the Sudbury impact structure. Although Vredefort and Sudbury contain world-class mineral deposits, in economic terms hydrocarbon production dominates natural resource deposits found at impact structures. The total value of impact-related resources in North America is estimated at US$18 billion per year. Many impact structures remain to be discovered and, as targets for resource exploration, their relatively invariant, but scale-dependent properties, may provide an aid to exploration strategies.