Human health as a motivator for climate change mitigation: results from four European high-income countries
Human health as a motivator for climate change mitigation: results from four European high-income countries
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DOI：
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.05.002
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发表时间：
2019-07-01
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Sauerborn, Rainer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Amelung, Dorothee;Fischer, Helen;Sauerborn, Rainer
通过宣传健康效益来促进气候友好型家庭行为有三个独特的优势：（i）健康共同效益直接产生于行动的个人，它们是"私人物品"而不是公共物品;（ii）健康共同效益的证据基础和规模是明确的;及（iii）健康生活方式的概念在公众讨论中根深蒂固，远较气候友好型生活方式为多。在以前的研究中，评估了关于健康影响的信息对人们采取缓解行动的动机的影响，个人的健康共同利益通常与集体的健康共同利益相混淆，例如减少污染。目前的研究旨在克服这一局限性，提供个人的健康共同利益，是无条件的其他人的行动（直接健康共同利益）的信息。我们报告了这种健康信息对采取缓解行动的意愿以及对4个欧洲高收入国家（法国，德国，挪威和瑞典）4个中等规模案例研究城市308个家庭中预先登记的实验环境中基于模拟的碳减排的影响。对于食品、住房和交通部门的每项缓解行动，一半的样本收到了相应行动节省的CO2当量和产生的资金成本或节省。另一半人还酌情收到了关于直接健康共同惠益的信息。对于获得直接健康共同效益信息的家庭，我们发现采取食物和住房行动的平均意愿较高，并且更大比例的家庭非常愿意采取一项或多项缓解行动（OR 1.86，95% CI 1.1，3.12）;以及总体碳足迹的模拟减少更大：总体降低百分比差异为-2.70%，95% CI为-5.34，0.04，食物降低百分比差异为-4.45%，95% CI为-8.26，0.64。我们的研究首次表明，提供严格无条件的个人健康共同效益信息可以激励高收入国家的家庭采取减缓行动。
Invoking health benefits to promote climate-friendly household behavior has three unique advantages: (i) health co-benefits accrue directly to the acting individual, they are "private goods" rather than public ones; (ii) the evidence base for, and magnitude of health co-benefits is well-established; and (iii) the idea of a healthy life-style is well-engrained in public discourse, much more so than that of a climate-friendly life-style. In previous research, assessing the influence of information on health effects on people's motivation to adopt mitigation actions, health co-benefits for the individual were typically confounded with collective health co-benefits, for example from pollution reduction. The present research aims to overcome this limitation by providing information on individual health co-benefits that are unconditional on the actions of others (direct health co-benefits). We report effects of this kind of health information on stated willingness to adopt mitigation actions as well as on simulation-based carbon emission reductions in a pre-registered experimental setting among 308 households in 4 mid-size case-study cities in 4 European high-income countries: France, Germany, Norway and Sweden. For each mitigation action from the sectors food, housing, and mobility, half of the sample received the amount of CO2 equivalents (CO2-eq) saved and the financial costs or savings the respective action generated. The other half additionally received information on direct health co-benefits, where applicable. For households receiving information on direct health co-benefits, we find a higher mean willingness to adopt food and housing actions, and a greater proportion very willing to adopt one or more mitigation actions (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.1, 3.12); and a greater simulated reduction in overall carbon footprint: difference in percent reduction -2.70%, (95% CI -5.34, -0.04) overall and -4.45%, (95% CI -8.26, -0.64) for food. Our study is the first to show that providing information on strictly unconditional, individual health co-benefits can motivate households in high-income countries to adopt mitigation actions.