Diabetes and cognitive dysfunction
Diabetes and cognitive dysfunction
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(12)60360-2
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发表时间：
2012-06-16
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Frier, Brian M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McCrimmon, Rory J.;Ryan, Christopher M.;Frier, Brian M.
1 型和 2 型糖尿病的认知功能障碍有许多相似之处，但也存在重要差异。 2 型糖尿病的一个主要显着特征是，患有这种疾病的人通常（但并非总是）在学习和记忆方面表现不佳，而这些领域的缺陷在 1 型糖尿病患者中很少见。慢性高血糖和微血管疾病会导致 1 型和 2 型糖尿病的认知功能障碍，并且这两种疾病都与精神和运动减慢以及注意力和执行功能测量的类似幅度的下降有关。此外，这两种类型的特征都是神经减慢、皮质萎缩加剧、白质束微观结构异常以及脑神经代谢物浓度的类似但不相同的变化。令人不安的是，所有年龄组中肥胖和 2 型糖尿病的迅速增加可能会导致糖尿病相关认知功能障碍的患病率大幅增加。
Cognitive dysfunction in type 1 and type 2 diabetes share many similarities, but important differences do exist. A primary distinguishing feature of type 2 diabetes is that people with this disorder often (but not invariably) do poorly on measures of learning and memory, whereas deficits in these domains are rarely seen in people with type 1 diabetes. Chronic hyperglycaemia and microvascular disease contribute to cognitive dysfunction in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and both disorders are associated with mental and motor slowing and decrements of similar magnitude on measures of attention and executive functioning. Additionally, both types are characterised by neural slowing, increased cortical atrophy, microstructural abnormalities in white matter tracts, and similar, but not identical, changes in concentrations of brain neurometabolites. Disconcertingly, the rapid rise in obesity and type 2 diabetes in all age groups might result in a substantial increase in prevalence of diabetes-related cognitive dysfunction.