Early 21st‐Century Drought in Mexico
Early 21st‐Century Drought in Mexico
复制标题
21世纪初墨西哥的干旱
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Heim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Stahle;E. Cook;José Villanueva Díaz;Falko K. Fye;D. Burnette;R. D. Griffin;R. A. Soto;R. Seager;R. Heim
至少自 1999 年以来，北美西部地区持续出现长期干旱，影响了积雪、溪流流量、水库水位和野火活动 [Mote 等，2005；韦斯特林等人，2006；麦克唐纳等人，2008]。仪器降水、温度和帕尔默干旱严重指数 (PDSI) 表明，墨西哥自 1994 年开始出现严重且持续的干旱，在过去 15 年里一直持续，但缓解情况有限。这次20世纪末21世纪初的墨西哥干旱（以下简称[21世纪初干旱]）在某些方面与20世纪50年代的干旱相当，这是墨西哥仪器气候记录（1900-2008年）中最严重的干旱。海洋-大气环流的大规模变化导致降水量低于正常水平，从而导致了当前的干旱[Seager，2007]，但全球变暖和墨西哥各地急剧的区域变暖，似乎因土地覆盖变化而加剧[Englehart和Douglas，2005]，可能为21世纪初的干旱增添了人为因素。
Prolonged drought conditions have persisted over western North America since at least 1999, affecting snowpack, stream discharge, reservoir levels, and wildfire activity [Mote et al., 2005; Westerling et al., 2006; MacDonald et al., 2008]. Instrumental precipitation, temperature, and Palmer Drought Severity Indices (PDSI) indicate that severe and sustained drought began in 1994 in Mexico, where it has continued with only limited relief for the past 15 years. This late twentieth-and early 21st-century Mexican drought (referred to below as the [early 21st-century drought]) has equaled some aspects of the 1950s drought, which is the most severe drought evident in the instrumental climate record for Mexico (1900–2008). Large-scale changes in ocean-atmospheric circulation have contributed to the lower than normal precipitation that has led to the current drought [Seager, 2007], but global warming and the sharp regional warming across Mexico, which appears to have been aggravated by land cover changes [Englehart and Douglas, 2005], may have added an anthropogenic component to the early 21st-century drought.