Pathways from child maltreatment to internalizing problems: Perceptions of control as mediators and moderators
Pathways from child maltreatment to internalizing problems: Perceptions of control as mediators and moderators
复制标题
DOI：
10.1017/s0954579401004096
复制
发表时间：
2001-09-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Patterson, CJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bolger, KE;Patterson, CJ
我们采用前瞻性纵向设计，对 785 名儿童的社区样本进行了内化问题和控制感的调查，其中 59 名儿童曾受到虐待。儿童的内化问题和控制感是通过三年级到七年级（典型年龄 9-13 岁）年度评估中的自我报告来衡量的。使用标准编码系统根据社会服务记录对儿童遭受多种类型虐待的经历进行评级。纵向分析检查了特定类型的虐待（忽视、严厉的养育和性虐待）的作用，结果表明，忽视和性虐待都与更多的内化问题相关，特别是对于经历过这两种虐待类型的儿童而言。被忽视的儿童比其他儿童感知到的外部控制水平更高。性虐待与较高水平的感知外部控制有关，但仅限于同样被忽视的儿童。中介分析的结果表明，较高水平的感知外部控制在很大程度上解释了特定虐待类型与儿童内化问题之间的关联。调节分析的结果显示，在受虐待的儿童中，感知到的内部控制越大，内化问题就越少，这表明感知到的内部控制起到了保护因素的作用。在生命早期遭受虐待的儿童不太可能具有这种保护性特征。结果对理解特定和同时发生的虐待类型的发育后果的影响进行了讨论。
Using a prospective longitudinal design, we examined internalizing problems and perceptions of control in a community sample of 785 children, 59 of whom had been maltreated. Children's internalizing problems and perceptions of control were measured via self-report at annual assessments in third grade through seventh grade (modal ages 9-13 years). Children's experiences of multiple types of maltreatment were rated based on social service records, using a standard coding system. Results of longitudinal analyses examining the roles of specific types of maltreatment (neglect, harsh parenting, and sexual abuse) revealed that neglect and sexual abuse were each associated with more internalizing problems, especially among children who experienced both these maltreatment types. Neglected children reported higher levels of perceived external control than other children did. Sexual abuse was associated with higher levels of perceived external control, but only among children who had also been neglected. Results of mediation analyses showed that higher levels of perceived external control accounted substantially for associations between specific maltreatment types and children's internalizing problems. Results of moderator analyses revealed that, among maltreated children, greater perceived internal control predicted fewer internalizing problems, suggesting that perceived internal control functioned as a protective factor. Children maltreated early in life were less likely to have this protective characteristic, Results are discussed in terms of their implications for understanding the developmental consequences of specific and co-occurring types of maltreatment.