Persistent social inequality in life expectancy and disability-free life expectancy: Outlook for a differential pension age in Denmark?
Persistent social inequality in life expectancy and disability-free life expectancy: Outlook for a differential pension age in Denmark?
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DOI：
10.1177/1403494816683591
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发表时间：
2017-06-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Jeune, Bernard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bronnum-Hansen, Henrik;Eriksen, Mette Lindholm;Jeune, Bernard
目的：丹麦的国家养老金随着平均预期寿命的预期增长而增长，而没有考虑到平均预期寿命和预期健康寿命方面的社会差距。本研究的目的是比较高，中，低教育水平的丹麦人群体之间的LE和无残疾预期寿命（DFLE）的变化。研究方法：全国范围内的教育和死亡率登记数据与2006-2007年，2010-2011年和2013-2014年欧洲健康，老龄化和退休调查（SHARE）的数据相结合，并通过Sullivan方法估计了这三个时间点的DFLE。结果如下：在2006-2007年和2013-2014年期间，低教育水平的65岁男性和女性的LE分别增加了1.3和1.0年，高教育水平的男性和女性分别增加了1.4和1.3年。受教育程度高的人与受教育程度低的人之间的生活水平差距差距仍在2年以上。2006-2007年，65岁的高教育程度男子的无残疾预期寿命比教育程度低的同龄男子多3.2年。2013-2014年，这一差距为2.9年。对于女性，结果分别为3.7和3.4年。结论：由于劳动生活水平持续存在两年以上的社会不平等，劳动力生活水平中高等教育群体和低教育群体之间持续存在约三年的差距，建议实行差别养恤金年龄。
Aims: The state old-age pension in Denmark increases to keep pace with the projected increase in average life expectancy (LE) without any regard to the social gap in LE and expected lifetime in good health. The purpose of this study was to compare changes in LE and disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) between groups of Danes with high, medium and low levels of education. Methods: Nationwide register data on education and mortality were combined with data from the Surveys of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) surveys in 2006-2007, 2010-2011 and 2013-2014 and the DFLE by educational level was estimated by Sullivan's method for each of these three time points. Results: Between 2006-2007 and 2013-2014, LE among 65-year-old men and women with a low educational level increased by 1.3 and 1.0 years, respectively, and by 1.4 and 1.3 years for highly educated men and women. The gap in LE between people with high and low levels of education remained more than 2 years. In 2006-2007, 65-year-old men with a high level of education could expect 3.2 more years without disability than men of the same age with a low level of education. In 2013-2014, the difference was 2.9 years. For women, the results were 3.7 and 3.4 years, respectively. Conclusions: With the persistent social inequality in LE of more than 2 years and the continuous gap between high and low educational groups in DFLE of about 3 years, a differential pension age is recommended.