Anaerobic ammonium oxidation is a major N-sink in aquifer systems around the world
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation is a major N-sink in aquifer systems around the world
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DOI：
10.1038/s41396-019-0513-x
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发表时间：
2019-10
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Shanyun Wang;G. Zhu;Linjie Zhuang;Yixiao Li;Lu Liu;G. Lavik;M. Berg;Sitong Liu;Xien Long
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shanyun Wang;G. Zhu;Linjie Zhuang;Yixiao Li;Lu Liu;G. Lavik;M. Berg;Sitong Liu;Xien Long
由于含氮化肥和化学品的广泛使用，全球范围内的含水层地下水氮氧化物污染发生，威胁人类和环境健康。然而，这些污染物在地下生物圈活性氮（N）循环过程中的转化仍然不清楚。本研究调查了全球发生的厌氧氨氧化（anammox）在含水层中，其中anammox被发现打开和关闭之间的饱和和非饱和土壤层，并贡献了36.8-79.5%的饱和土壤层中的N损失，其余的是由于反硝化，这一直被认为是从含水层中去除N-污染物的主要途径。虽然厌氧氨氧化活性是不可检测的非饱和土壤层，它可能会被激活与上升的地下水接触。高通量焦磷酸测序分析鉴定出在饱和土壤中最丰富的厌氧氨氧化细菌是Brocadia anammoxidansas。然而，厌氧氨氧化细菌的丰度是由相对丰富度的亚洲野葛。同位素配对实验表明，耦合厌氧氨氧化与氨氧化和呼吸氨化，使含水层系统中形成一个修订的N循环，其中呼吸氨化作为一个重要的协调员。因此，厌氧氨氧化可以大大有助于含水层N循环和修复的含水层氮氧化物污染的作用可能是全球性的重要性。
Global-scale N-oxide contamination of groundwater within aquifers occurs due to the widespread use of N-bearing fertilizers and chemicals, threatening both human and environmental health. However, the conversion of these pollutants in active nitrogen (N) cycling processes in the subsurface biosphere still remains unclear. This study investigates the global occurrence of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) in aquifers, where anammox was found to be turned on and off between saturated and unsaturated soil horizons, and contributed 36.8–79.5% to N loss in saturated soil horizons, the remainder being due to denitrification which has traditionally been considered the main pathway for removal of N-pollutants from aquifers. Although anammox activity was undetectable in the unsaturated soil horizons, it could potentially be activated by contact with ascending groundwater. High-throughput pyrosequencing analysis identifiedCandidatus Brocadia anammoxidansas being the most abundant anammox bacterium in the saturated soils investigated. However, the anammox bacterial abundance was determined by the relative richness ofCandidatus Jettenia asiatica. Isotopic pairing experiments revealed that coupling anammox with ammonium oxidation and respiratory ammonification enabled the formation of a revised N cycle in aquifer systems, in which respiratory ammonification acted as an important coordinator. Anammox can therefore contribute substantially to aquifer N cycling and its role in remediation of aquifers contaminated with N-oxides may be of global importance.