Population genomics of Bronze Age Eurasia
Population genomics of Bronze Age Eurasia
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DOI：
10.1038/nature14507
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发表时间：
2015-06-11
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Willerslev, Eske
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Allentoft, Morten E.;Sikora, Martin;Willerslev, Eske
欧亚大陆的青铜时代(公元前3000-1000年左右)是一个重大的文化变革时期。然而，关于这些变化是由思想的传播还是人类的迁徙造成的，还存在争议，潜在地也促进了语言和某些表型特征的传播。我们通过使用新的、改进的方法对来自欧亚大陆的101名古人类的低覆盖率基因组进行了测序，从而对此进行了研究。我们表明，青铜时代是一个高度动态的时期，涉及大规模的人口迁移和更替，负责塑造当今欧洲和亚洲人口结构的主要部分。我们的发现与青铜时代早期印欧语系的传播假说是一致的。我们还证明，在青铜器时代，欧洲人浅皮肤色素沉着的频率已经很高，但不存在乳糖耐受性，这表明乳糖耐受性的阳性选择比之前认为的更晚。
The Bronze Age of Eurasia (around 3000-1000 BC) was a period of major cultural changes. However, there is debate about whether these changes resulted from the circulation of ideas or from human migrations, potentially also facilitating the spread of languages and certain phenotypic traits. We investigated this by using new, improved methods to sequence low-coverage genomes from 101 ancient humans from across Eurasia. We show that the Bronze Age was a highly dynamic period involving large-scale population migrations and replacements, responsible for shaping major parts of present-day demographic structure in both Europe and Asia. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesized spread of Indo-European languages during the Early Bronze Age. We also demonstrate that light skin pigmentation in Europeans was already present at high frequency in the Bronze Age, but not lactose tolerance, indicating a more recent onset of positive selection on lactose tolerance than previously thought.