The importance of natal dispersal in a colonial seabird, the Black Guillemot Cepphus grylle
The importance of natal dispersal in a colonial seabird, the Black Guillemot Cepphus grylle
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黑海鸟 (Black Guillemot Cepphus grylle) 出生时扩散的重要性
DOI：
10.1111/j.1474-919x.2000.tb07683.x
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
E. Petersen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Frederiksen;E. Petersen
我们研究了在冰岛西部的Breidafjordur地区1995年至1997年在黑海鸠Cepphus grylle集合种群的殖民地纳塔尔扩散。在过去的20年里，大约有9000只小鸡在一个大型的中央殖民地（Flatey）中被啤酒包围，通过捕捉其他殖民地的繁殖成年人，我们收集了从这个殖民地移民的证据。我们还包括自1975年以来收集的关于从邻近殖民地移民到Flatey的数据。Flatey-ringed雏鸡的比例随着离殖民地距离的增加而减少，最长的扩散距离为10.5 km。多年来，发现了33名移民到Flatey，但间接证据表明，Flatey上约50%的繁殖者是移民。莱斯利矩阵模型表明，从Flatey殖民地观察到的当地人口统计参数预测人口规模每年下降7%，而观察到的稳定性。这种差异可以通过增加不成熟存活率来解释移民来解决。人口稳定是通过假设63%的新兵是移民来实现的。我们的研究结果支持越来越多的认识，未成熟的群体间交流海鸟种群动态比以前认为的更重要。
We studied inter-colony natal dispersal in a metapopulation of Black Guillemots Cepphus grylle in the Breidafjordur area in western Iceland 1995-97. About 9000 chicks had beer ringed in a large central colony (Flatey) over the previous 20 years, and by capturing breeding adults in other colonies we collected evidence of emigration from this colony We also included data collected since 1975 on immigration to Flatey from neighbouring colonies. The proportion of Flatey-ringed chicks decreased with distance from the colony, the longest documented dispersal distance was 10.5 km. Over the years, 33 immigrants to Flatey were found, but indirect evidence suggested that about 50% of all breeders on Flatey were immigrants. A Leslie matrix model showed that observed local demographic parameters from the Flatey colony predicted a 7% yearly decline in population size, in contrast to the observed stability. The discrepancy could be resolved by increasing immature survival to account for immigration. Population stability was achieved by assuming 63% of all recruits to be immigrants. Our results support the growing awareness that inter-colony exchanges of immatures are much more important for seabird population dynamics than previously believed.