The Contribution of Early Communication Quality to Low-Income Children's Language Success
The Contribution of Early Communication Quality to Low-Income Children's Language Success
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DOI：
10.1177/0956797615581493
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发表时间：
2015-07-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Suma, Katharine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hirsh-Pasek, Kathy;Adamson, Lauren B.;Suma, Katharine
低收入家庭的孩子与富裕家庭的孩子在语言数量和质量上的差距通常被称为3000万字的差距。在这里，我们扩大了文献的这种差距，报告的相对贡献的早期亲子沟通的质量和语言输入的数量在60个低收入家庭。包括成功的和挣扎的语言学习者从国家儿童健康和人类发展研究所的早期儿童保育和青年发展，我们注意到在24个月的非语言和语言互动（符号注入联合参与，惯例和仪式，流畅和连接的沟通）的质量变化很大，这占了27%的表达性语言1年后的变化。这些指标的质量是更有力的预测，后来的语言能力比数量的母亲的话在互动或敏感的养育。要弥合语言鸿沟，就需要关注照顾者和儿童如何在低收入家庭中建立沟通基础。
The disparity in the amount and quality of language that low-income children hear relative to their more-affluent peers is often referred to as the 30-million-word gap. Here, we expand the literature about this disparity by reporting the relative contributions of the quality of early parent-child communication and the quantity of language input in 60 low-income families. Including both successful and struggling language learners from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development, we noted wide variation in the quality of nonverbal and verbal interactions (symbol-infused joint engagement, routines and rituals, fluent and connected communication) at 24 months, which accounted for 27% of the variance in expressive language 1 year later. These indicators of quality were considerably more potent predictors of later language ability than was the quantity of mothers' words during the interaction or sensitive parenting. Bridging the word gap requires attention to how caregivers and children establish a communication foundation within low-income families.