A heuristic mathematical approach for modeling constraint cumulativity: Contrastive focus in Spanish and Catalan
A heuristic mathematical approach for modeling constraint cumulativity: Contrastive focus in Spanish and Catalan
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用于建模约束累积性的启发式数学方法：西班牙语和加泰罗尼亚语的对比焦点
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发表时间：
2011
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通讯作者：
A. Adli
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作者：
A. Adli
摘要本文提出了一种启发式的数学方法来建模和量化约束违反。经验现象包括不同的词序与对比的重点在西班牙语品种加泰罗尼亚语和加泰罗尼亚语。实验数据已收集与梯度可接受性判断测试courserily提出的重点建设。在加泰罗尼亚语中，对比聚焦物体最不明显的位置是原位或最后一个位置，而在加泰罗尼亚语中，最喜欢的位置是原位和初始位置。在西班牙语中，如果焦点被前置，主语必须是动词后的，但这些结构仍然是有标记的。这些结果解释了一个模型，根据该模型，每个约束有一个数值违反成本，并根据该模型，违反一个句子的所有约束的成本累积。使用基于线性方程组的代数方法分析假定的约束集，并使用该线性方程组计算违规成本。这种方法是启发式的，因为它可以用来探索是否有一个“缺失的部分”。这一缺失的部分将是事后纳入这一套标准的另一个制约因素。它对应于另一个未知数添加到线性方程组。
Abstract This work presents a heuristic mathematical approach to modeling and quantifying constraint violations. The empirical phenomenon consists of different word orders with contrastive focus in the Spanish variety of Catalonia and in Catalan. Experimental data has been collected with a gradient acceptability judgment test for auditorily presented focus constructions. The most unmarked position for contrastively focused objects in the Spanish of Catalonia is in situ or sentence-final, while in Catalan sentence-initial and in situ position is preferred. In Spanish, the subject has to be postverbal if the focus is preposed, but these constructions still remain marked. These results are explained with a model according to which each constraint has a numerical violation cost, and according to which the costs of all constraints violated by a sentence cumulate. The presumed constraint set is analyzed with an algebraic approach based on a system of linear equations with which violation costs are calculated. The methodology is heuristic in the sense that it can be used for exploring whether there could be a “missing piece”. Such a missing piece would be another constraint to be included post hoc in the set. It corresponds to another unknown added to the system of linear equations.