Indicators for biodiversity and ecosystem services: towards an improved framework for ecosystems assessment
Indicators for biodiversity and ecosystem services: towards an improved framework for ecosystems assessment
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DOI：
10.1007/s10531-010-9875-0
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Dawson, Terence P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Feld, Christian K.;Sousa, Jose Paulo;Dawson, Terence P.
生态系统评估和监测要求制定和应用适当的指标，即：(1)可靠，能够简化复杂的关系；(2)可量化和透明，以便于交流；(3)适合指示的目的。目前为满足国际生物多样性公约的要求而进行的生态系统评估和监测工作几乎没有满足这些要求。在这里，我们提出并测试了一套七项标准，以改进生态系统指示框架，特别强调生物多样性和生态系统服务的指示：指示的目的、根据欧洲经济区的驱动-压力-状态-影响-响应方案的指标类型、与生物多样性和生态系统服务的直接/间接联系、空间尺度和跨尺度的可伸缩性、基准/参考值的适用性、数据和协议的可用性以及遥感的适用性。在全球、大陆和区域范围内，使用24个生态系统评估和监测指标对这些标准进行了检验。根据我们的评估揭示的总体趋势，我们提出建议，以简化和改进与国际生物多样性公约有关的生态系统指示。执行我们的建议确实需要国际上的协调一致的努力，例如，可以与在欧洲执行《水框架指令》相媲美。
Ecosystem assessment and monitoring requires the development and application of suitable indicators, i.e. they need to be (i) reliable and capable of simplifying complex relationships, (ii) quantifiable and transparent in order to enable an easy communication, and (iii) fit for the purpose of indication. These requirements are scarcely fulfilled in current ecosystem assessment and monitoring efforts to address the requirements of international biodiversity conventions. Here we present and test a set of seven criteria towards an improved framework for ecosystems indication with particular emphasis on the indication of biodiversity and ecosystem services: purpose of indication, indicator type according to the EEA's Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response scheme, direct/indirect linkages to biodiversity and ecosystem services, spatial scale and scalability across scales, applicability of benchmarks/reference values, availability of data and protocols, and applicability of remote sensing. The criteria are tested using 24 indicators of ecosystem assessment and monitoring at the global, continental and regional scale. Based on the general trends revealed by our evaluation, we present recommendations to streamline and improve ecosystem indication with respect to international biodiversity conventions. The implementation of our recommendations does require concerted international effort, comparable, for instance, to the implementation of the Water Framework Directive in Europe.