Cysteine oxidative posttranslational modifications: emerging regulation in the cardiovascular system.
Cysteine oxidative posttranslational modifications: emerging regulation in the cardiovascular system.
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DOI：
10.1161/circresaha.112.268680
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发表时间：
2013-01-18
影响因子：
20.1
通讯作者：
Van Eyk JE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chung HS;Wang SB;Venkatraman V;Murray CI;Van Eyk JE
在心血管系统中，氧化平衡的变化可以通过氧化还原信号传导影响细胞生理学的许多方面。根据幅度，细胞产生活性氧和氮的波动可以调节正常的代谢过程，激活保护机制，或具有细胞毒性。活性氧和氮物质可以具有许多影响，包括在关键半胱氨酸（Cys）硫醇处的蛋白质的翻译后修饰。一个子集可以充当氧化还原开关，其引起响应于氧化状态变化的功能效应。虽然氧化还原信号的一般概念已经建立，但许多调节开关的身份和功能仍然不清楚。表征个体修饰的影响是理解细胞在生理和病理条件下如何解释氧化信号的关键。在这里，我们回顾了各种半胱氨酸氧化翻译后修饰（Ox-PTM）和它们的功能作为氧化还原开关，调节细胞的氧化刺激的反应的能力。此外，我们还讨论了这些修饰是如何通过串扰影响其他翻译后修饰的信号通路的。最后，我们回顾了越来越多的工具正在开发，以确定和量化的各种Cys Ox-PTM，这将如何推进我们的氧化还原调节的理解。
In the cardiovascular system, changes in the oxidative balance can affect many aspects of cellular physiology through redox-signaling. Depending on the magnitude, fluctuations in the cell's production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species can regulate normal metabolic processes, activate protective mechanisms, or be cytotoxic. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species can have many effects including the post-translational modification of proteins at critical cysteine (Cys) thiols. A subset can act as redox-switches, which elicit functional effects in response to changes in oxidative state. While the general concepts of redox-signaling have been established, the identity and function of many regulatory switches remains unclear. Characterizing the effects of individual modifications is the key to understanding how the cell interprets oxidative signals under physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we review the various Cys oxidative post-translational modifications (Ox-PTMs) and their ability to function as redox-switches that regulate the cell's response to oxidative stimuli. In addition, we discuss how these modifications have the potential to influence other post-translational modifications' signaling pathways though cross-talk. Finally, we review the growing number of tools being developed to identify and quantify the various Cys Ox-PTMs and how this will advance our understanding of redox-regulation.