Using simulation models to investigate the cumulative effects of sowing rate, sowing date and cultivar choice on weed competition
Using simulation models to investigate the cumulative effects of sowing rate, sowing date and cultivar choice on weed competition
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cropro.2016.05.002
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发表时间：
2017-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Storkey, Jonathan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andrew, Izzadora K. S.;Storkey, Jonathan
随着除草剂抗性的演变对作物生产的压力越来越大，农民越来越多地采用综合杂草管理（IWM）策略来加强杂草控制。这些措施包括提高作物冠层竞争力的措施，如提高播种率和使用更具竞争力的品种。虽然有单独评估这些非化学杂草控制方法的相对影响的数据，但它们的综合贡献存在不确定性，这可能会阻碍它们的采用。本文采用作物/杂草竞争的INTERCOM模拟模型，研究了作物密度、播期和品种选择对小麦（Triticum aestivum）和Alopecurus myosuroides竞争结果的综合影响。在欧洲西北部的谷类作物中，褐皮草是一种有问题的杂草，也是英国IWM的主要目标，因为它已经进化出了对一系列除草剂的抗性。该模型以两种具有不同竞争能力的品种为参数化对象，在不同作物密度和两个播种日期下进行了10年的模拟。结果表明，播期、播密和品种选择在很大程度上是互补的，当组合使用时，可以增强对杂草的竞争能力。然而，选择更具竞争力的品种的相对效益随着播种日期的推迟和作物密度的增加而降低。可以进一步采用建模方法来检查IWM的有效性，减少对更昂贵和繁琐的长期原位实验的需要。(C) 2016洛桑研究所。Elsevier Ltd.出版。这是一篇基于CC BY许可的开放获取文章
With the increasing pressure on crop production from the evolution of herbicide resistance, farmers are increasingly adopting Integrated Weed Management (IWM) strategies to augment their weed control. These include measures to increase the competitiveness of the crop canopy such as increased sowing rate and the use of more competitive cultivars. While there are data on the relative impact of these non chemical weed control methods assessed in isolation, there is uncertainty about their combined contribution, which may be hindering their adoption. In this article, the INTERCOM simulation model of crop/weed competition was used to examine the combined impact of crop density, sowing date and cultivar choice on the outcomes of competition between wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Alopecurus myosuroides. Alopecurus myosuroides is a problematic weed of cereal crops in North-Western Europe and the primary target for IWM in the UK because it has evolved resistance to a range of herbicides. The model was parameterised for two cultivars with contrasting competitive ability, and simulations run across 10 years at different crop densities and two sowing dates. The results suggest that sowing date, sowing density and cultivar choice largely work in a complementary fashion, allowing enhanced competitive ability against weeds when used in combination. However, the relative benefit of choosing a more competitive cultivar decreases at later sowing dates and higher crop densities. Modeling approaches could be further employed to examine the effectiveness of IWM, reducing the need for more expensive and cumbersome long-term in situ experimentation. (C) 2016 Rothamsted Research. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license