DIFFUSE VOLCANIC EMISSIONS OF CARBON-DIOXIDE FROM VULCANO-ISLAND, ITALY
DIFFUSE VOLCANIC EMISSIONS OF CARBON-DIOXIDE FROM VULCANO-ISLAND, ITALY
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DOI：
10.1038/344051a0
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发表时间：
1990-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
TOUTAIN, JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BAUBRON, JC;ALLARD, P;TOUTAIN, JP
最近对埃特纳火山（西西里）1- 3的研究表明，火山不仅可以从其活跃的火山口释放大量的二氧化碳，而且可以从其侧翼释放大量的二氧化碳，作为弥散的土壤散发物。在这里，我们提出的分析土壤气体和空气中的水威尔斯在武尔卡诺岛提供进一步的证据，这种横向脱气。富含氦和氡的几乎纯的二氧化碳从福萨火山口活动锥的斜坡上逸出，每天增加了30吨的二氧化碳排放量（每天180吨二氧化碳）。这种放射物的He/CO2和13 C/12 C比值与火山口的火山口相似（300% ndash;500 °C），因此是类似的火山成因。富含二氧化碳的气体也会在海平面沿着福萨和武尔卡内洛火山锥之间的地峡逸出，但它们的氦和13 C含量的减少表明了一个不同的来源。扩散的火山气体散发物，一旦其与中央火山口脱气的成因联系得到证实，就可以在离活动火山口安全距离的地方用于连续的火山监测。这种监测已在Vulcano启动，那里的土壤和几乎纯二氧化碳的井排放本身就对当地居民构成威胁。
RECENT investigations on Mount Etna (Sicily)1–3have revealed that volcanoes may release abundant carbon dioxide not only from their active craters, but also from their flanks, as diffuse soil emanations. Here we present analyses of soil gases and air in water wells on Vulcano Island which provide further evidence of such lateral degassing. Nearly pure carbon dioxide, enriched in helium and radon, escapes from the slopes of the Fossa active cone, adding a total output of 30 tonnes per day to the fumarolic crater discharge (˜180 tonnes CO2per day). This emanation has similar He/CO2and13C/12C ratios to those of the crater fumaroles (300%ndash;500 °C) and therefore a similar volcanic origin. Gases rich in carbon dioxide also escape at sea level along the isthmus between the Fossa and Vulcanello volcanic cones, but their depletion in both He and13C suggests a distinct source. Diffuse volcanic gas emanations, once their genetic link with central fumarole degassing has been demonstrated, can be used for continuous volcano monitoring, at safe distances from active craters. Such monitoring has been initiated at Vulcano, where soil and well emanations of nearly pure CO2themselves represent a threat to the local population.