Bypassing the Kohn-Sham equations with machine learning.

Bypassing the Kohn-Sham equations with machine learning.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-017-00839-3
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发表时间:
2017-10-11
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Müller KR
Müller KR
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Brockherde F;Vogt L;Li L;Tuckerman ME;Burke K;Müller KR

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去年,至少有3万篇科学论文使用密度泛函理论的Kohn-Sham方案来解决各种科学领域的电子结构问题。机器学习有望通过示例学习能量泛函,而无需求解Kohn-Sham方程。这将大大节省计算机时间,允许更大的系统和/或更长的时间尺度被处理,但机器学习这个功能的尝试受到了需要找到它的衍生物的限制。目前的工作克服了这个困难,直接学习测试系统和各种分子的密度势和能量密度图。我们使用机器学习的密度泛函对丙二醛进行了第一次分子动力学模拟,并能够捕获分子内质子转移过程。学习密度模型现在允许为现实的分子系统构建精确的密度泛函。机器学习允许电子结构计算访问更大的系统尺寸,并在动态模拟中访问更长的时间尺度。在这里,作者使用机器学习的密度泛函来进行这样的模拟,避免了Kohn-Sham方程的直接求解。
Last year, at least 30,000 scientific papers used the Kohn–Sham scheme of density functional theory to solve electronic structure problems in a wide variety of scientific fields. Machine learning holds the promise of learning the energy functional via examples, bypassing the need to solve the Kohn–Sham equations. This should yield substantial savings in computer time, allowing larger systems and/or longer time-scales to be tackled, but attempts to machine-learn this functional have been limited by the need to find its derivative. The present work overcomes this difficulty by directly learning the density-potential and energy-density maps for test systems and various molecules. We perform the first molecular dynamics simulation with a machine-learned density functional on malonaldehyde and are able to capture the intramolecular proton transfer process. Learning density models now allows the construction of accurate density functionals for realistic molecular systems. Machine learning allows electronic structure calculations to access larger system sizes and, in dynamical simulations, longer time scales. Here, the authors perform such a simulation using a machine-learned density functional that avoids direct solution of the Kohn-Sham equations.
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