'If she is a good woman ... ' and 'to be a real man ... ': gender, risk and access to HIV services among key populations in Tajikistan
'If she is a good woman ... ' and 'to be a real man ... ': gender, risk and access to HIV services among key populations in Tajikistan
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DOI：
10.1080/13691058.2015.1089603
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发表时间：
2016-04-02
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Johnson, Sarah
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
King, Elizabeth J.;Maksymenko, Kateryna M.;Johnson, Sarah
艾滋病毒疫情在塔吉克斯坦继续蔓延，特别是在注射毒品者、性工作者、男男性行为者和被监禁人口中。尽管这些群体的成员容易感染艾滋病毒，但他们并不总是能够获得艾滋病毒预防、检测和治疗。这项研究的目的是查明和了解塔吉克斯坦关键人口在获得艾滋病毒服务方面的性别限制。评估小组通过焦点小组讨论和关键信息提供者访谈，从关键人群成员和与他们一起工作的人那里收集信息。数据中出现了几个主题，包括：艾滋病毒知识水平低、使用安全套和更安全地使用药物的性别制约因素、限制艾滋病毒检测机会的性别制约因素、基于性别的暴力、耻辱和歧视以及艾滋病毒应对措施中缺乏女性空间。这项研究的结果表明，塔吉克斯坦有明确的性别规范，这些性别规范影响着关键人群获得艾滋病毒服务的机会。消除这些性别制约因素可能为塔吉克斯坦更公平地获得艾滋病毒服务提供机会。
The HIV epidemic continues to grow in Tajikistan, especially among people who inject drugs, sex workers, men who have sex with men and incarcerated populations. Despite their susceptibility to HIV, members of these groups do not always have access to HIV prevention, testing and treatment. The purpose of this study was to identify and understand the gender constraints in accessing HIV services for key populations in Tajikistan. Using focus-group discussions and key-informant interviews the assessment team collected information from members of key populations and those who work with them. Several themes emerged from the data, including: low levels of HIV knowledge, gender constraints to condom use and safer drug use, gender constraints limit HIV testing opportunities, gender-based violence, stigma and discrimination, and the lack of female spaces in the HIV response. The results of this study show that there are well-defined gender norms in Tajikistan, and these gender norms influence key populations' access to HIV services. Addressing these gender constraints may offer opportunities for more equitable access to HIV services in Tajikistan.