Impact of forage introduction on cattle grazing practices and crop?livestock systems: a case study in an upland village in northern Laos
Impact of forage introduction on cattle grazing practices and crop?livestock systems: a case study in an upland village in northern Laos
复制标题
饲料引入对牛放牧方式和作物牲畜系统的影响：老挝北部高地村庄的案例研究
DOI：
10.1071/rj18102
复制
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yokoyama Satoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Phouyyavong Khamphou;Tomita Shinsuke;Yokoyama Satoshi
由于重新安置、牛群数量和商业经济作物种植园的增加，老挝小农正面临牲畜放牧土地的限制。在本文中，我们描述了老挝北部高地村庄牛放牧系统的变化，包括饲料作物的作用及其对牛生产力的影响。我们采访了 92 户苗族和克木族家庭，了解他们的迁徙历史、放牧方式、牛生产力和其他生计活动。此外，我们还测量了 231 头牛的心围。我们发现，传统的散养牛放牧已分化为三个不同的系统，其中包括不同程度的围栏田地。虽然这三个系统都没有增加牛的体型，但与其他系统相比，饲草牧场和轮耕系统成功地提高了放牧能力。因此，这种方法似乎最适合苗族小农在土地有限的情况下管理农作物和牲畜生产。应努力研究新实施的制度对村民生计的影响，并预防性地解决与休耕地退化有关的问题。
Lao smallholders are experiencing livestock grazing land constraints due to resettlement, increasing cattle numbers and commercial cash crop plantations. In this paper we describe changes in cattle grazing systems in an upland village in northern Laos, including the role of forage crops and their effects on cattle productivity. We interviewed 92 Hmong and Khmu households about their migration history, cattle grazing practices, cattle productivity and other livelihood activities. In addition, we measured the heart girths of 231 cattle. We found that the traditional free-range cattle grazing has diverged into three distinct systems incorporating fields fenced to different degrees. Although none of the three systems increased cattle body size, the forage pasture and swidden-farming system successfully increased the grazing capacity compared with other systems. Thus, this method appeared to be the most suitable for Hmong smallholders to manage crop and cattle production in the context of land constraints. Efforts should be made to examine how the newly implemented systems could attenuate villager livelihood and pre-emptively address the problems associated with degrading fallow land.