Retroviruses can establish filopodial bridges for efficient cell-to-cell transmission
Retroviruses can establish filopodial bridges for efficient cell-to-cell transmission
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DOI：
10.1038/ncb1544
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
影响因子：
21.3
通讯作者：
Mothes, Walther
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sherer, Nathan M.;Lehmann, Maik J.;Mothes, Walther
当细胞可以相互物理作用时，逆转录病毒在细胞之间的传播效率估计高出2-3个数量级（1，2）。潜在的机制在很大程度上是未知的，但转移被认为是通过大表面界面发生的，称为病毒学或感染性突触（3-6）。在这里，我们报告了活细胞中逆转录病毒的细胞间传播的直接可视化。我们的研究结果揭示了病毒从感染细胞到非感染细胞的运输机制，涉及薄的丝状伪足桥。这些丝状伪足起源于未感染的细胞，并通过其尖端与感染的细胞相互作用。感染细胞中的病毒包膜糖蛋白（Env）与靶细胞中的受体分子的强缔合产生稳定的桥。然后病毒沿着丝状伪足桥的外表面向靶细胞移动。我们的数据表明，逆转录病毒的传播是通过利用丝状伪足的固有能力，将配体从一个细胞运输到另一个细胞。
The spread of retroviruses between cells is estimated to be 2-3 orders of magnitude more efficient when cells can physically interact with each other(1,2). The underlying mechanism is largely unknown, but transfer is believed to occur through large-surface interfaces, called virological or infectious synapses(3-6). Here, we report the direct visualization of cell-to-cell transmission of retroviruses in living cells. Our results reveal a mechanism of virus transport from infected to non-infected cells, involving thin filopodial bridges. These filopodia originate from noninfected cells and interact, through their tips, with infected cells. A strong association of the viral envelope glycoprotein (Env) in an infected cell with the receptor molecules in a target cell generates a stable bridge. Viruses then move along the outer surface of the filopodial bridge toward the target cell. Our data suggest that retroviruses spread by exploiting an inherent ability of filopodia to transport ligands from cell to cell.