Nanosecond rf-Power Switch for Gyrotron-Driven Millimeter-Wave Accelerators

Nanosecond rf-Power Switch for Gyrotron-Driven Millimeter-Wave Accelerators
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用于回旋管驱动毫米波加速器的纳秒射频功率开关

DOI:
10.1103/physrevapplied.11.034052
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Picard, J.
Picard, J.
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kutsaev, S.V.;Jacobson, B.;Smirnov, A.Yu.;Campese, T.;Dolgashev, V.A.;Goncharik, V.;Harrison, M.;Murokh, A.;Nanni, E.;Picard, J.

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替代毫米波高梯度,>200 MV/m,加速结构的发展为降低未来tev级线性对撞机以及工业,医疗和安全应用的线性对撞机的成本和占地面积提供了一条有前途的途径。限制加速梯度的主要因素是真空射频击穿。这种击穿的可能性随着脉冲长度的增加而增加。为了可靠运行,毫米波结构需要毫米波级的纳秒级脉冲。这种能量可以从回旋管中获得,它的最小脉冲长度在微秒量级。为了创造更短的脉冲并可靠地检测射频击穿,我们开发了以下设备:一个基于激光的射频开关,能够从微秒长的回旋管脉冲中选择10纳秒长的脉冲,从而使回旋管能够用作毫米波高梯度直线加速器的电源,以及一个具有高频分辨率的次太赫兹光谱仪,能够检测由于射频击穿而导致的脉冲缩短。我们将描述这些装置的工作原理和它们的实现参数。我们还报道了这些装置在麻省理工学院用大功率回旋管进行的实验演示。在实验中,我们演示了纳秒射频功率调制,脉冲光谱的逐射测量和射频击穿的检测。
The development of alternative mm-wave high-gradient, >200 MV/m, accelerating structures offers a promising path to reduce the cost and footprint of future TeV-scale linear colliders, as well as linacs for industrial, medical, and security applications. The major factor limiting accelerating gradient is vacuum rf breakdown. The probability of such breakdowns increases with pulse length. For reliable operation, millimeter-wave structures require nanoseconds-long pulses at the megawatt level. This power is available from gyrotrons, which have a minimum pulse length on the order of microseconds. To create shorter pulses and to reliably detect rf breakdowns, we developed the following devices: a laser-based rf switch capable of selecting 10 ns long pulses out of the microseconds long gyrotron pulses, thus enabling the use of the gyrotrons as power sources for mm-wave high-gradient linacs, and a shot-to-shot sub-THz spectrometer with high-frequency resolution, capable of detecting pulse shortening due to rf breakdowns. We will describe the principle of operation of these devices and their achieved parameters. We also report on the experimental demonstration of these devices with the high-power gyrotron at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In the experiments, we demonstrate nanosecond rf power modulation, shot-to-shot measurements of the pulse spectra, and detection of rf breakdowns.
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