Reconsidering the role of personality in placebo effects: Dispositional optimism, situational expectations, and the placebo response
Reconsidering the role of personality in placebo effects: Dispositional optimism, situational expectations, and the placebo response
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jpsychores.2004.08.011
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发表时间：
2005-02-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Landry, SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Geers, AL;Helfer, SG;Landry, SJ
目的：之前的调查未能发现安慰剂反应中可靠的人格差异。本研究检验了人格和情境变量相互作用以确定安慰剂反应的假设。方法：乐观主义者和悲观主义者被随机分配到三种情况之一。在第一种情况下，参与者被告知他们要服用一种会让他们感到不愉快的药丸（欺骗性期望组）。在第二种情况下，参与者被告知他们要服用一种药丸，这种药丸会让他们感觉不舒服或者是一种非活性物质（条件期望组）。最后，第三组被告知要服用一种无活性的药丸（对照组）。结果：当给予欺骗性期望时，悲观者比乐观者更有可能遵循消极安慰剂期望，但当给予有条件期望时则不会。结论：当个体被给予欺骗性而非有条件的期望时，人格变量乐观-悲观主义与安慰剂反应相关。这表明性格和情境变量相互作用来决定安慰剂反应。 (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
Objective: Prior investigations have failed to find reliable personality differences in placebo responding. The present study tests the hypothesis that personality and situational variables interact to determine placebo responding. Methods: Optimists and pessimists were randomly assigned to one of three conditions. In the first condition, the participants were told that they were to ingest a pill that would make them feel unpleasant (deceptive-expectation group). In the second condition, the participants were told that they were to ingest a pill that would make them feel either unpleasant or was an inactive substance (conditional-expectation group). Finally, a third group was told they were to ingest a pill that was inactive (control group). Results: Pessimists were more likely than optimists to follow a negative-placebo expectation when given a deceptive expectation, but not when given a conditional expectation. Conclusion: The personality variable optimism-pessimism relates to placebo responding when individuals are given a deceptive but not a conditional expectation. This suggests that personality and situational variables interact to determine placebo responding. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.