Thirteen years of air pollution hourly monitoring in a large city: Potential sources, trends, cycles and effects of car-free days
Thirteen years of air pollution hourly monitoring in a large city: Potential sources, trends, cycles and effects of car-free days
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.122
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发表时间：
2014-10-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Pavoni, Bruno
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Masiol, Mauro;Agostinelli, Claudio;Pavoni, Bruno
在波河流域（意大利）东部一个大城市的城市背景站点，每小时测量13种空气污染物浓度，持续13年（2000-2013年），并对结果进行化学计量学分析。污染物清单包括CO、NO、NO2、NOx、O-3、SO2、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯和对二甲苯以及PM10，所有这些都已知或怀疑对人类健康有不利影响。对每小时的数据进行了统计处理，以检测与过去十年中发生的排放情景变化有关的长期趋势。通过分析污染物的季节、周、日变化以及各污染物之间的滞后相关性，探讨了最可能的排放源和大气光化学过程。通过分析微气象因子与关键天气参数的关系，评价微气象因子对空气质量的影响;通过二维极坐标图和条件概率函数，匹配大气环流和污染数据，研究潜在污染源的位置。此外，提出并测试了一种新的统计程序，以分析城市采用常见缓解措施的时期（例如，交通完全停止和无车日），并评估其对空气质量的真实的影响。通过提供有关主要污染物水平和趋势的直接信息，本研究最终使人们能够对南欧东部波河流域的一个重要热点地区的空气污染进行一些一般性的考虑，该地区的一些主要污染物水平仍然远远没有达到欧盟的限制和目标值。它可以帮助决策者采取成功的缓解措施。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Thirteen air pollutant concentrations were measured hourly for 13 years (2000-2013) at an urban background site of a large city in the eastern Po Valley (Italy) and results were chemometrically analysed. The pollutant list includes CO, NO, NO2, NOx, O-3, SO2, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-, m- and p-xylenes and PM10, all known or suspected of having adverse effects on human health. The hourly data were statistically processed to detect the long-term trends in relation to the changes in the emission scenarios occurred in the last decade. The most probable emission sources and atmospheric photochemical processes were investigated by analyzing the seasonal, weekly, diurnal cycles of pollutants and the lagged correlations amongst pollutants. The role of micrometeorological factors upon the air quality was assessed by analyzing the relationships with key weather parameters, while the location of the potential sources was studied by matching atmospheric circulation and pollution data through bivariate polar plots and conditional probability functions. In addition, a new statistical procedure is presented and tested to analyze the periods when common mitigation measures were adopted in the city (e.g., the total stop of traffic and car-free days) and to evaluate their real effect upon the air quality. By providing direct information on the levels and trends of key pollutants, this study finally enables some general considerations about air pollution in an important hotspot of Southern Europe, the eastern Po Valley, where the levels of some key pollutants are still far from meeting the EC limit and target values. It may help policy-makers to take successful mitigation measures. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.