Detection of fuel release in a nuclear accident: a method for preconcentration and isolation of reactor-borne (239)Np using ion-specific extraction chromatography.
Detection of fuel release in a nuclear accident: a method for preconcentration and isolation of reactor-borne (239)Np using ion-specific extraction chromatography.
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02265
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发表时间：
2015-08
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Brett L. Rosenberg;K. Shozugawa;G. Steinhauser
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brett L. Rosenberg;K. Shozugawa;G. Steinhauser
尽管锕系元素是有关核事故性质的信息最丰富的元素，但由于大气核爆炸的尘埃产生的背景，钚分析变得复杂。因此，我们建议 (239)Np（一种发射多条 γ 射线的短寿命锕系元素）作为首选替代物。本研究的目的是筛选离子特异性萃取色谱树脂（RE-、TEVA-、UTEVA-、TRU- 和 Actinide-Resin），以便从具有大活度裂变产物（例如放射性铯、放射性碘，以及最重要的放射性碲）的样品中尽可能回收和分离痕量 (239)Np，后者通过与 (239)Np 重叠的峰在伽马能谱测定中造成光谱干扰。这些分离所研究的环境介质是模拟雨水和土壤的水溶液。通过萃取色谱柱分离含有 (239)Np 和上述挥发性放射性核素的加标样品，以确定将 (239)Np 与其他裂变产物分离以供伽马能谱检测的最有效方法。我们提出了一种基于 Eichrom 的 RE-Resin 的核事故防范方法。研究发现，使用 8 M HNO3 作为加载溶液和 H2O 作为洗脱液，该方法对于从水溶液和土壤中的干扰放射性核素中分离 (239)Np 最为有效。 RE 树脂的性能优于更常用的 TEVA 树脂，因为 TEVA 树脂对干扰放射性碲和放射性碘表现出更高的亲和力。
Although actinides are the most informative elements with respect to the nature of a nuclear accident, plutonium analysis is complicated by the background created by fallout from atmospheric nuclear explosions. Therefore, we propose (239)Np, a short-lived actinide that emits several γ rays, as a preferred proxy. The aim of this study was to screen ion specific extraction chromatography resins (RE-, TEVA-, UTEVA-, TRU-, and Actinide-Resin) for the highest possible recovery and separation of trace amounts of (239)Np from samples with large activities of fission products such as radiocesium, radioiodine, and, most importantly, radiotellurium, the latter of which causes spectral interference in gamma spectrometry through overlapping peaks with (239)Np. The investigated environmental media for these separations were aqueous solutions simulating rainwater and soil. Spiked samples containing (239)Np and the aforementioned volatile radionuclides were separated through extraction chromatographic columns to ascertain the most effective means of separating (239)Np from other fission products for detection by gamma spectroscopy. We propose a method for nuclear accident preparedness based on the use of Eichrom's RE-Resin. The proposed method was found most effective for isolating (239)Np from interfering radionuclides in both aqueous solution and soil using 8 M HNO3 as the loading solution and H2O as the eluent. The RE-Resin outperforms the more commonly used TEVA-Resin because the TEVA-Resin showed a higher affinity for interfering radiotellurium and radioiodine.