Ultra-confined Propagating Exciton-Plasmon Polaritons Enabled by Cavity-Free Strong Coupling: Beating Plasmonic Trade-Offs.

Ultra-confined Propagating Exciton-Plasmon Polaritons Enabled by Cavity-Free Strong Coupling: Beating Plasmonic Trade-Offs.
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DOI:
10.1186/s11671-022-03748-7
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发表时间:
2022-11-18
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中科院分区:
材料科学3区
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由过渡金属二硫属化物(TMD)和等离子体纳米结构组成的混合耦合系统已成为探索激子-等离子体激元的一个有前途的平台。然而,强耦合所需的腔/谐振器为波导应用引入了额外的复杂性和挑战。可替代地,等离子体纳米波导也可以用于提供用于强耦合的非谐振方法,而它们的实用性受到等离子体约束损耗和约束动量权衡的限制。在这里,基于无腔的方法,我们克服了这些限制,理论上强耦合的单层TMD到一个单一的金属纳米线,产生超限制的传播激子等离子体激元极化激元(PEPPs)击败等离子体的权衡。通过利用强耦合诱导的能量分布的重组,并结合表面等离子体激元(SPP)和激子的有利性质,所产生的PEPP具有超深亚波长限制(低至1 nm水平,模式面积约为λ2的10-4),长传播长度(高达~ 60 µm)、具有多功能模式特征(SPP和类激子模式特征)的可调色散以及与自由空间光子的小动量失配。由于能够克服SPP的权衡和波导应用的兼容性,我们的理论结果表明一个有吸引力的导波平台,以操纵激子-等离子体相互作用在超深亚波长尺度,打开新的视野波导纳米极化激元组件和设备。在线版本包含补充材料,可通过10.1186/s11671-022-03748-7获得。
Hybrid coupling systems consisting of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) and plasmonic nanostructures have emerged as a promising platform to explore exciton–plasmon polaritons. However, the requisite cavity/resonator for strong coupling introduces extra complexities and challenges for waveguiding applications. Alternatively, plasmonic nano-waveguides can also be utilized to provide a non-resonant approach for strong coupling, while their utility is limited by the plasmonic confinement-loss and confinement-momentum trade-offs. Here, based on a cavity-free approach, we overcome these constraints by theoretically strong coupling of a monolayer TMD to a single metal nanowire, generating ultra-confined propagating exciton–plasmon polaritons (PEPPs) that beat the plasmonic trade-offs. By leveraging strong-coupling-induced reformations in energy distribution and combining favorable properties of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and excitons, the generated PEPPs feature ultra-deep subwavelength confinement (down to 1-nm level with mode areas ~ 10–4 of λ2), long propagation length (up to ~ 60 µm), tunable dispersion with versatile mode characters (SPP- and exciton-like mode characters), and small momentum mismatch to free-space photons. With the capability to overcome the trade-offs of SPPs and the compatibility for waveguiding applications, our theoretical results suggest an attractive guided-wave platform to manipulate exciton–plasmon interactions at the ultra-deep subwavelength scale, opening new horizons for waveguiding nano-polaritonic components and devices. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s11671-022-03748-7.
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