Systemic and Regional Hemodynamics of Isoflurane and Sevoflurane in Rats
Systemic and Regional Hemodynamics of Isoflurane and Sevoflurane in Rats
复制标题
异氟醚和七氟醚在大鼠体内的全身和局部血流动力学
作者：
P. Conzen;B. Vollmar;H. Habazettl;E. Frink;K. Peter;K. Messmer
采用微球技术研究了七氟醚和异氟醚对15只大鼠全身麻醉时氯氯蔗糖静脉注射和控制通气时全身血流动力学和局部血流分布的影响。使用吸入麻醉剂使平均动脉血压（MAP）降至70 mm Hg （1.66 vol%七氟烷和0.96 vol%异氟烷）和50 mm Hg （MAP 50； 3.95 vol%七氟烷和2.43 vol%异氟烷）。仅静脉注射氯氯蔗糖获得对照记录。在MAP为70 mm Hg时，两种麻醉药均可相似程度地降低心率、心输出量和全身血管阻力。在MAP为50 mm Hg时，异氟醚显著降低了全身血管阻力，从而将心输出量维持在高于七氟醚的水平。两种麻醉药的左心室率压产物均明显降低。两种吸入麻醉剂均可使脑血流量呈剂量依赖性增加，但异氟醚的增加程度更大。在MAP为70 mm Hg时，肝总血流量与对照组相比保持不变，但在MAP为50 mm Hg时有所下降。这是由于肝动脉和门静脉支流减少所致。只有高浓度麻醉剂才能减少肾血流量。在所有浓度的挥发性麻醉剂下，心肌血流量均减少；然而，异氟醚的下降幅度较小。这表明异氟醚对冠状动脉血管的舒张作用更明显，作为衡量实际左心室需氧量的速率压产物，两种麻醉剂的作用都有相当程度的降低。我们的研究结果表明，在该动物模型中，七氟醚和异氟醚（各约0.7 MAC）在70 mm Hg的MAP下没有不同的全身和局部血流动力学影响。在较高浓度（约1.7 MAC）下，异氟醚比七氟醚的脑血流量更大，并且与心肌血管舒张更明显相关。
The authors studied the effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane on systemic hemodynamics and regional blood flow distribution (microsphere technique) in 15 rats during general anesthesia with intravenous chloralose and controlled ventilation. Inhaled anesthetics were applied to reduce mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) to 70 mm Hg (1.66 vol% sevoflurane and 0.96 vol% isoflurane) and 50 mm Hg (MAP 50; 3.95 vol% sevoflurane and 2.43 vol% isoflurane). Control recordings were obtained with intravenous chloralose only. At a MAP of 70 mm Hg, both anesthetics reduced heart rate, cardiac output, and systemic vascular resistance to a similar degree. Isoflurane decreased systemic vascular resistance markedly at a MAP of 50 mm Hg and thereby maintained cardiac output at higher levels than sevoflurane. The left ventricular rate-pressure product decreased comparably with both anesthetics. Cerebral blood flow increased dose-dependently with both inhaled anesthetics but to a greater degree with isoflurane. Total hepatic blood flow remained unchanged from control at a MAP of 70 mm Hg but decreased at a MAP of 50 mm Hg. This was due to reductions of hepatic arterial and portal venous tributaries. Renal blood flow was reduced with only the high concentrations of the anesthetics. Myocardial blood flow was reduced at all concentrations of volatile anesthetic; however, the decrease was less with isoflurane. This would indicate a more pronounced coronary vasodilation by isoflurane as the rate-pressure product, as a measure of the actual left ventricular oxygen demand, decreased by comparable degrees with both anesthetics. Our results indicate that sevoflurane and isoflurane (each approximately 0.7 MAC) have no dissimilar systemic and regional hemodynamic effects at a MAP of 70 mm Hg in this animal model. At higher concentrations (approximately 1.7 MAC), cerebral blood flow was more with isoflurane than with sevoflurane and was associated with a more pronounced vasodilation in the myocardium.
通常与测量大鼠局部血流量的微球技术相关的两个血流动力学问题。
DOI：
10.1016/0160-5402(85)90055-5
发表时间：
1985
期刊：
Journal of pharmacological methods
影响因子：
--
作者：
Stanek,KA;Coleman,TG;Smith,TL;Murphy,WR
通讯作者：
Murphy,WR