On the Nervous System of the Starfish Marthasterias glacialis (L.)
On the Nervous System of the Starfish Marthasterias glacialis (L.)
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冰川海星 Marthasterias glacialis (L.) 的神经系统
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.1937.0002
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发表时间：
1937
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. E. Smith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. E. Smith
在1815年，Tiedemann在海星Astropecten aurantiacus（L）的圆盘的口表面上观察到一个连续的组织环口带，在每个臂的中线上，有一个放射状带。他将这些带归因于血管功能。然而，约翰内斯·穆勒（Johannes Muller，1850）指出，放射状带和环状带更适合被视为神经索，这一观察结果随后得到奥斯扬尼科夫（Owsjannikow，1871）、格雷夫（Greeff，1871，1872，a，1872，B）、霍夫曼（Hoffmann，1872）和托伊舍尔（Teuscher，1876）的证实。Lange（1876）虽然不接受先前作者关于口周索和桡索神经性质的发现，但发现在每个“V”形桡索上方有两个组织脊，一个位于中线的右侧，另一个位于中线的左侧。这些是由衬在放射状围血管上的体腔上皮增厚构成的，兰格认为它们代表神经组织。路德维希（1878）、哈曼（1883，1885）和奎诺（1891）等人证实了这一观点;但这些人和所有最近的研究者都同意，放射状索和口周索也必须被视为小行星神经系统的组成部分。因此，Cuenot（1891）将神经系统的一部分（如口周索和放射索）与位于体腔上皮中的一部分（推测为中胚层起源）区分开来。
In the year 1815, Tiedemann observed on the oral surface of the disk of the starfish Astropecten aurantiacus (L) a circumoral band of tissue continuous, in the mid-line of each arm, with a radial band. To these bands he ascribed a vascular function. Johannes Muller (1850), however, indicated that the radial and circular bands were more properly to be regarded as nerve cords, an observation which Owsjannikow (1871), Greeff (1871, 1872, a , 1872, b ), Hoffmann (1872), and Teuscher (1876) subsequently confirmed. Lange (1876), while not accepting the findings of previous authors as to the nervous nature of the circumoral and radial cords, discovered two ridges of tissue above each of the “V’’-shaped radial cords, one lying to the right and the other to the left of the mid-line. These are constituted by thickenings of the coelomic epithelium which lines the radial perihaemal canals, and were considered by Lange to represent nervous tissue. This opinion has been substantiated by Ludwig (1878), Hamann (1883, 1885), and Cuenot (1891) among others; but these and all recent investigators agree that the radial and circumoral cords must also be regarded as constituting part of the asteroid nervous system. Cuenot (1891) therefore distinguishes between the part of the nervous system derived from the ectoderm, such as the circumoral and radial cords, and the part—presumably of mesodermal origin—situated in the coelomic epithelium.