High-energy ion impacts into the sulfur-bearing ice surface of Europa: an atomistic study of chemical transformations

High-energy ion impacts into the sulfur-bearing ice surface of Europa: an atomistic study of chemical transformations
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高能离子撞击木卫二含硫冰面:化学转化的原子研究

DOI:
10.1051/0004-6361/201935367
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
6.5
通讯作者:
H. M. Urbassek
H. M. Urbassek
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
C. Anders;H. M. Urbassek

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欧罗巴的冰面是独一无二的,因为它含有高浓度的硫化合物,如SO 4,SO2和H2S。高能离子的影响,从木星的磁层可能会改变组成的冰surface.AimsWe探索的表面的化学变化,由于20 MeV的硫离子的影响,其中最显着的影响是预期的,并监测发生在冰内部的化学transformationsMethodsMolecular dynamics模拟使用的反应(REAX)潜力的基础上,这使得分子的分裂和随后的反应,以遵循一个atomistic scale.ResultsWe观察到SO 4的解离和SO2的损失,而SO 3的创建,这是在定性的协议与实验室实验。水的水解导致大量的H+,H3 O+和OH−的形成;此外,我们预测存在亚硫酸H2SO 3和硫酸H2SO 4,以及痕量的碳酸H2 CO 3。照射产生的H2和O2,这是自由地从表面逃逸,在协议与稀薄的欧罗巴atmosphere detected.ConclusionsSince磁层硫离子具有高质量,并可能拥有大的能量,他们提供了一个独特的来源,高能量沉积在欧罗巴冰表面导致丰富的辐解碎片和产品。此外,存在于冰中的硫化合物被化学转化,例如,通过亚硫酸盐形成。
ContextThe ice surface of Europa is unique due to its high concentration of sulfur compounds such as SO4, SO2, and H2S. Energetic ion impacts originating from the magnetosphere of Jupiter may alter the composition of the ice surface.AimsWe explore the chemical alteration of the surface due to a 20 MeV sulfur ion impact, for which the most pronounced effects are expected, and monitor the chemical transformations occurring inside the ice.MethodsMolecular dynamics simulations are used based on a reactive (REAX) potential, which allows for the molecular breakups and the ensuing reactions to be followed on an atomistic scale.ResultsWe observe dissociation of SO4and also a loss of SO2, while SO3is created; this is in qualitative agreement with laboratory experiments. Hydrolysis of water leads to abundant formation of H+, H3O+and OH−; in addition, we predict the presence of both sulfurous acid, H2SO3, and sulfuric acid, H2SO4, as well as traces of carbonic acid, H2CO3. The irradiation produces H2and O2, which are free to escape from the surface, in agreement with the tenuous Europa atmosphere detected.ConclusionsSince magnetospheric sulfur ions have a high mass and may possess large energies, they provide a unique source of high energy deposition in the ice surface of Europa leading to abundant radiolysis fragments and products. In addition, sulfur compounds existing in the ice are chemically transformed, for example, by sulfite formation.
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