Compact high-resolution VIS/NIR hyperspectral sensor
Compact high-resolution VIS/NIR hyperspectral sensor
复制标题
紧凑型高分辨率 VIS/NIR 高光谱传感器
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
O. Weatherbee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Hyvärinen;E. Herrala;Wes Procino;O. Weatherbee
目前的高光谱成像仪要么体积大，性能好，要么结构紧凑，性能一般。本文提出了一种新的高光谱技术，克服了这一缺点，并使超小型和高性能的推扫式高光谱成像仪集成到无人机和其他要求苛刻的应用中成为可能。实现了可见光/近红外、SWIR、MWIR和LWIR光谱范围的高光谱成像仪。本文给出了覆盖350~1000 nm、光谱分辨率为3 nm的可见光/近红外成像仪的测量性能指标。关键的创新是一种新的成像光谱仪设计，它同时使用了透射式和反射式光学，以便以极其紧凑的格式实现高的光吞吐量和大的空间图像尺寸。利用F/2.4的数值孔径和高的衍射效率实现了高的光吞吐量。图像失真可以忽略不计，在24 mm(空间上)x 6 m(光谱上)的全焦平面图像上，Keystone为2微米，微笑为0.13 nm。该光谱仪集成了一个先进的摄像头，提供1300个空间像素和160赫兹的成像率。具有2000个空间像素的更高分辨率版本将生成高达100张图像/S。通过光谱绑定，该相机实现了800：1的出色信噪比，比目前任何紧凑型可见光/近红外成像器都高出数量级。成像器重量只有1.4公斤，包括前置光学元件、带快门的成像光谱仪和相机，其格式经过优化，适合安装在小型有效载荷舱和万向架中。除了实验室特性外，还提供了飞行测试任务的结果。
Current hyperspectral imagers are either bulky with good performance, or compact with only moderate performance. This paper presents a new hyperspectral technology which overcomes this drawback, and makes it possible to integrate extremely compact and high performance push-broom hyperspectral imagers for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and other demanding applications. Hyperspectral imagers in VIS/NIR, SWIR, MWIR and LWIR spectral ranges have been implemented. This paper presents the measured performance attributes for a VIS/NIR imager which covers 350 to 1000 nm with spectral resolution of 3 nm. The key innovation is a new imaging spectrograph design which employs both transmissive and reflective optics in order to achieve high light throughput and large spatial image size in an extremely compact format. High light throughput is created by numerical aperture of F/2.4 and high diffraction efficiency. Image distortions are negligible, keystone being <2 um and smile 0.13 nm across the full focal plane image size of 24 mm (spatially) x 6 m (spectrally). The spectrograph is integrated with an advanced camera which provides 1300 spatial pixels and image rate of 160 Hz. A higher resolution version with 2000 spatial pixels will produce up to 100 images/s. The camera achieves, with spectral binning, an outstanding signal-to-noise ratio of 800:1, orders of magnitude higher than any current compact VIS/NIR imager. The imager weighs only 1.4 kg, including fore optics, imaging spectrograph with shutter and camera, in a format optimized for installation in small payload compartments and gimbals. In addition to laboratory characterization, results from a flight test mission are presented.