Iron-Deficiency Anemia: Reexamining the Nature and Magnitude of the Public Health Problem Iron Deficiency and Reduced Work Capacity: A Critical Review of the Research to Determine a Causal Relationship 1,2
Iron-Deficiency Anemia: Reexamining the Nature and Magnitude of the Public Health Problem Iron Deficiency and Reduced Work Capacity: A Critical Review of the Research to Determine a Causal Relationship 1,2
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发表时间：
2001
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通讯作者：
J. Haas;Thomas Brownlie
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作者：
J. Haas;Thomas Brownlie
通过对研究文献（包括动物和人类研究）的系统回顾，评估缺铁与体力劳动能力之间的因果关系。缺铁性的检查是从严重缺铁性贫血（SIDA）到中度缺铁性贫血（MIDA）再到无贫血缺铁（IDNA）的连续过程。工作能力通过有氧能力、耐力、精力效率、自愿活动和工作生产力来评估。所审查的 29 份研究报告表明，SIDA 和 MIDA 对动物和人类的有氧能力有很强的因果影响。这种效应的推测机制是与贫血相关的氧输送减少。组织缺铁也可能通过细胞氧化能力降低而发挥作用。 SIDA 和 MIDA 的耐力能力也受到损害，但在动物中观察到的细胞氧化能力差的强烈介导作用尚未在人类中得到证实。无论是在实验室还是在野外，人类各个缺铁水平的能量效率都会受到影响。现场研究中观察到的工作效率下降可能是由于贫血和氧气输送减少造成的。缺铁性贫血 (IDA) 和 IDNA 的社会和经济后果尚未阐明。 IDA 对工作能力影响的生物学机制足够强大，足以证明改善铁状况的干预措施是增强人力资本的一种手段。这也可能延伸到经历 IDNA 的人群，他们对工作能力的影响可能更微妙，但受影响的人数可能比经历 IDA 的人数多得多。 J.努特尔。 131：676S–690S，2001。
The causal relationship between iron deficiency and physical work capacity is evaluated through a systematic review of the research literature, including animal and human studies. Iron deficiency was examined along a continuum from severe iron-deficiency anemia (SIDA) to moderate iron-deficiency anemia (MIDA) to iron deficiency without anemia (IDNA). Work capacity was assessed by aerobic capacity, endurance, energetic efficiency, voluntary activity and work productivity. The 29 research reports examined demonstrated a strong causal effect of SIDA and MIDA on aerobic capacity in animals and humans. The presumed mechanism for this effect is the reduced oxygen transport associated with anemia; tissue iron deficiency may also play a role through reduced cellular oxidative capacity. Endurance capacity was also compromised in SIDA and MIDA, but the strong mediating effects of poor cellular oxidative capacity observed in animals have not been demonstrated in humans. Energetic efficiency was affected at all levels of iron deficiency in humans, in the laboratory and the field. The reduced work productivity observed in field studies is likely due to anemia and reduced oxygen transport. The social and economic consequences of iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) and IDNA have yet to be elucidated. The biological mechanisms for the effect of IDA on work capacity are sufficiently strong to justify interventions to improve iron status as a means of enhancing human capital. This may also extend to the segment of the population experiencing IDNA in whom the effects on work capacity may be more subtle, but the number of individuals thus affected may be considerably more than those experiencing IDA. J. Nutr. 131: 676S–690S, 2001.