Impacts of Asian megacity emissions on regional air quality during spring 2001
Impacts of Asian megacity emissions on regional air quality during spring 2001
复制标题
DOI：
10.1029/2004jd004921
复制
发表时间：
2005-10-20
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Fried, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guttikunda, SK;Tang, YH;Fried, A
[1]利用2001年3月至4月期间太平洋上空的传输和化学演变（TRACE-P）和亚洲太平洋区域气溶胶特征实验（ACE-Asia）现场实验的测量结果，评估东亚特大城市排放对区域空气质量的影响。使用硫传输和排放模型2001（STEM-2K 1）区域化学传输模型建立在反向轨迹分析和灵敏度运行基础上的分类方法用于识别受特大城市排放影响的飞机观测结果。超过30%的测量点被归类为城市点，发现大量的羽状物来自上海，青岛，北京，太原，天津和贵阳，首尔和釜山。然后对这些数据进行分析，并比较这些特大城市的化学特征。还介绍了特大城市的排放估计数，并结合受这些城市影响的环境空气中化学信号的预期相似性和差异进行了讨论。比较基于观测的比率与基于排放量的估计，并提供了一种手段来测试的排放量估计的一致性。的观测为基础的比率被证明是大致一致的排放比率。在STEM-2K 1模型中使用了特大城市排放量，以研究这些排放量对该地区标准和光化学物种的影响。在日本海、黄海、西太平洋和孟加拉湾的大部分地区，特大城市排放的O-3、CO、SO2、H2SO 4、HCHO和NO2占近地表环境水平的10%以上。特大城市的排放量也被用来研究亚洲的臭氧水平，假设所有城市的排放量都以与东京相同的VOC/NOx排放比率的方式演变。每月平均臭氧水平至少增加5%。
[1] Measurements from the Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P) and Asian Pacific Regional Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE-Asia) field experiments obtained during the period of March - April 2001 are used to evaluate the impact of megacity emissions on regional air quality in east Asia. A classification method built upon back trajectory analysis and sensitivity runs using the Sulfur Transport and Emissions Model 2001 (STEM-2K1) regional chemical transport model are used to identify the aircraft observations that were influenced by megacity emissions. More than 30% of measurement points are classified as urban points, with a significant number of plumes found to have originated from Shanghai, Qingdao, Beijing, Taiyuan, Tianjin and Guiyang, Seoul, and Pusan. These data are then analyzed, and chemical characteristics of these megacities are compared. Emission estimates for the megacities are also presented and discussed in the context of expected similarities and differences in the chemical signals in the ambient air impacted by these cities. Comparisons of the observation-based ratios with emission-based estimates are presented and provide a means to test for the consistency of the emission estimates. The observation-based ratios are shown to be generally consistent with the emissions ratios. The megacity emissions are used in the STEM-2K1 model to study the effects of these emissions on criteria and photochemical species in the region. Over large portions of the Japan Sea, Yellow Sea, western Pacific Ocean, and the Bay of Bengal, megacity emissions contribute in excess of 10% of the near-surface ambient levels of O-3, CO, SO2, H2SO4, HCHO, and NOz. The megacity emissions are also used to study ozone levels in Asia under a scenario where all cities evolve their emissions in a manner such that they end up with the same VOC/NOx emission ratio as that for Tokyo. Monthly mean ozone levels are found to increase by at least 5%.