A generalized model of island biogeography
A generalized model of island biogeography
复制标题
岛屿生物地理学的广义模型
DOI：
10.1007/s11427-011-4238-y
复制
发表时间：
2011-11-01
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
Tong Xin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen XiaoYong;Jiao Jing;Tong Xin
麦克阿瑟和威尔逊的平衡理论是生态学中最有影响力的理论之一。尽管岛屿上的进化对岛屿生物多样性很重要，但物种形成还没有很好地纳入岛屿生物地理模型。通过将物种形成及其影响因素纳入麦克阿瑟-威尔逊模型，我们提出了一个统一生态演化过程和岛屿特征的广义模型。岛内物种形成对岛屿物种丰富度和地方性都可能起到重要作用，在某些条件下，物种形成对当地物种多样性的贡献可能最终大于移民。这些条件与每个物种的物种形成率、每个物种的灭绝率和岛屿特征有关，它们与迁移率无关。该模型预测，当其他参数固定时，大岛屿将具有很高的比例特有，尽管不是最高的。根据广义模型，海洋岛屿上物种丰富度和特有性随时间的变化预测与经验观测相似。我们的模型为重新评估物种形成的作用和重新分析有关岛屿物种多样性的现有数据，特别是那些被麦克阿瑟-威尔逊模型偏向的数据提供了一个理想的起点。
MacArthur and Wilson's equilibrium theory is one of the most influential theories in ecology. Although evolution on islands is to be important to island biodiversity, speciation has not been well integrated into island biogeography models. By incorporating speciation and factors influencing it into the MacArthur-Wilson model, we propose a generalized model unifying ecological and evolutionary processes and island features. Intra-island speciation may play an important role in both island species richness and endemism, and the contribution of speciation to local species diversity may eventually be greater than that of immigration under certain conditions. Those conditions are related to the per species speciation rate, per species extinction rate, and island features, and they are independent of immigration rate. The model predicts that large islands will have a high, though not the highest, proportional endemism when other parameters are fixed. Based on the generalized model, changes in species richness and endemism on an oceanic island over time were predicted to be similar to empirical observations. Our model provides an ideal starting point for re-evaluating the role of speciation and re-analyzing available data on island species diversity, especially those biased by the MacArthur-Wilson model.