Recent developments in the psychosocial treatment of adult ADHD.
Recent developments in the psychosocial treatment of adult ADHD.
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DOI：
10.1586/14737175.8.10.1537
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发表时间：
2008-10
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Safren, Steven A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Knouse, Laura E;Cooper-Vince, Christine;Sprich, Susan;Safren, Steven A
成人注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 是一种日益被认可的精神疾病诊断和统计手册 (DSM)-IV 精神疾病，与多个领域的显着功能障碍相关。尽管兴奋剂和其他药物治疗方案作为成人多动症的治疗方法得到了最多的经验支持，但许多患有这种疾病的成年人仍然会出现明显的残留症状。在本手稿中，我们回顾了已发表的研究，检查成人多动症的团体和个人心理社会治疗。我们讨论了辅导干预措施以及它们与认知行为疗法的区别。我们的结论是，现有数据支持使用结构化的、基于技能的心理社会干预措施作为对患有 ADHD 残留症状的成年人的可行治疗方法。各种治疗方案的共同要素包括心理教育、具体技能培训（例如组织和规划策略）以及强调外部实践和在日常生活中维护这些策略。然而，这些治疗方法还需要进一步研究以进行复制、扩展和完善。最后，我们提出了心理社会治疗应用于成人多动症问题的未来方向。
Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is an increasingly recognized Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-IV psychiatric disorder associated with significant functional impairment in multiple domains. Although stimulant and other pharmacotherapy regimens have the most empirical support as treatments for ADHD in adults, many adults with the disorder continue to experience significant residual symptoms. In the present manuscript, we review the published studies examining group and individual psychosocial treatments for adult ADHD. We include a discussion of coaching interventions and how they differ from cognitive–behavioral therapy. We conclude that the available data support the use of structured, skills-based psychosocial interventions as a viable treatment for adults with residual symptoms of ADHD. Common elements across the various treatment packages include psychoeducation, training in concrete skills (e.g., organization and planning strategies) and emphasis on outside practice and maintenance of these strategies in daily life. These treatments, however, require further study for replication, extension and refinement. Finally, we suggest future directions for the application of psychosocial treatments to the problems of adults with ADHD.