Boron in Water, Soils, and Plants
Boron in Water, Soils, and Plants
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水、土壤和植物中的硼
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4612-5046-3_7
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发表时间：
1958
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
F. Bingham
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Keren;F. Bingham
硼是大多数植物正常生长所需的七种必需微量营养素之一。从植物营养(如果土壤中缺乏硼)和毒性(如果过量存在)的角度来看，硼对植物都有显著的影响。在导致植物缺乏和毒性症状的土壤硼水平之间存在相对较小的范围。在已知的必需微量营养素缺乏症中，植物缺硼最为普遍。据报道，美国43个州(Sparr，1970)和世界上许多国家都有一种或多种作物缺硼的报道。McMurtrey(1948)列出了许多作物的视觉症状，在几乎所有的作物中，缺硼的主要视觉症状是末端生长停止，节间变短，植株经常获得莲座状(浓密)的外观。重要的是要记住，与磷和其他几种植物营养素一样，在视觉缺乏症状出现之前很久就已经出现了缺乏。缺硼引起的一些最严重的病害包括甘蓝(Brassica napobrassicaL.Mill)的褐心病和甘薯(Iponoea batatasL.Lam)的内部褐斑病。
Boron is one of the seven essential micronutrients required for the normal growth of most plants. Boron has a marked effect on plants, from the standpoint of both plant nutrition—if boron is deficient in soil—and toxicity—if it is present in excessive amounts. There is a relatively small range between levels of soil boron causing deficiency and toxicity symptoms in plants. Of deficiencies of the known essential micronutrients, boron deficiency in plants is most widespread. The deficiency of boron has been reported for one or more crops in 43 states of the United States (Sparr, 1970) and in many countries of the world. McMurtrey (1948) lists the visual symptoms of a number of crops, and in nearly all, the main visual symptoms of boron deficiency are that terminal growth ceases, internodes become shortened, and the plant often acquires a rosetted (bushy) appearance. It is essential to remember that with boron, as with phosphorus and several other plant nutrient elements, deficiency may be present long before visual deficiency symptoms occur. Some of the most severe disorders caused by boron deficiency include brown-heart of rutabaga (Brassica napobrassicaL.Mill), and internal brown-spot of sweet potatoes (Iponoea batatasL.Lam).