Mapping Open Data and Big Data to Address Climate Resilience of Urban Informal Settlements in Sub-Saharan Africa
Mapping Open Data and Big Data to Address Climate Resilience of Urban Informal Settlements in Sub-Saharan Africa
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DOI：
10.3390/cli10120186
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发表时间：
2022-11
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
E. Banzhaf;H. Bulley;J. Inkoom;Sebastian Elze
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Banzhaf;H. Bulley;J. Inkoom;Sebastian Elze
这篇展望论文强调了城市地区环境研究背景下公开的地球观测（EO）数据和大数据的潜力、局限性和组合。目的是增强非正规住区对气候变化影响的抵御能力。特别强调了公开大数据的类型、类别、空间和时间尺度。当审视非洲主要城市内部及周边非正规住区的发展和生活质量等问题时，公开大数据的好处就变得显而易见。撒哈拉以南非洲 (SSA) 城市是世界上发展最快的城市地区之一。然而，他们缺乏空间信息来指导城市规划走向气候适应型城市，以及为大多数居住在非正规住区的弱势居民提供公平的生活条件。因此，本研究收集了有关免费数据的关键信息，例如城市地区的土地覆盖、土地利用、环境危害和压力、人口和社会经济指标的数据。它们是许多其他相关本地研究取得成功的重要资源，例如跨学科研究项目“梦想——发展具有复原力的非洲城市及其城市环境，以实现基本的城市可持续发展目标”。在大数据分析（尤其是地理空间数据）呈指数增长的时代，由于缺乏对访问位置和访问方式的全面概述，这些数据集的不同性质阻碍了它们在 SSA 中的实用性。本文旨在提供这方面的透明度以及访问此类数据集的资源。尽管也讨论了此类大数据的局限性，但强调了它们在评估环境危害和人类暴露，特别是气候变化影响方面的有用性。
This perspective paper highlights the potentials, limitations, and combinations of openly available Earth observation (EO) data and big data in the context of environmental research in urban areas. The aim is to build the resilience of informal settlements to climate change impacts. In particular, it highlights the types, categories, spatial and temporal scales of publicly available big data. The benefits of publicly available big data become clear when looking at issues such as the development and quality of life in informal settlements within and around major African cities. Sub-Saharan African (SSA) cities are among the fastest growing urban areas in the world. However, they lack spatial information to guide urban planning towards climate-adapted cities and fair living conditions for disadvantaged residents who mostly reside in informal settlements. Therefore, this study collected key information on freely available data such as data on land cover, land use, and environmental hazards and pressures, demographic and socio-economic indicators for urban areas. They serve as a vital resource for success of many other related local studies, such as the transdisciplinary research project “DREAMS—Developing REsilient African cities and their urban environMent facing the provision of essential urban SDGs”. In the era of exponential growth of big data analytics, especially geospatial data, their utility in SSA is hampered by the disparate nature of these datasets due to the lack of a comprehensive overview of where and how to access them. This paper aims to provide transparency in this regard as well as a resource to access such datasets. Although the limitations of such big data are also discussed, their usefulness in assessing environmental hazards and human exposure, especially to climate change impacts, are emphasised.