Hybrid engineering incorporating salt marsh terraces into sea wall repair maintains their defence function and creates new habitats
Hybrid engineering incorporating salt marsh terraces into sea wall repair maintains their defence function and creates new habitats
复制标题
将盐沼阶地纳入海堤修复的混合工程可维持其防御功能并创造新的栖息地
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecss.2023.108544
复制
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Slee N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Slee N
海堤是广泛使用的工程结构，旨在保护低洼地区免受洪水侵袭。海平面上升和海岸侵蚀威胁着海堤的完整性，需要维护和修理。作为传统维修的替代方案，一种混合工程设计，包括沉积物填充的梯田，以允许盐沼的发展，已被试用，以保护海堤在科恩-黑水河口复杂，埃塞克斯。英国在10年的时间里，测量了三种不同的发展轨迹。盐沼盐生植物殖民7 15梯田，植物覆盖率介于5%和170%之间。梯田上的盐生植物物种丰富度范围从1到8种（平均= 1.7每4平方米），与现有的盐沼相邻的维修（最大）。物种丰富度9，平均6.85），盐生植物覆盖度与盐生植物丰富度、盐生植物覆盖度与沉积物含水量（阶地上19-51%）呈显著正相关。与现有盐沼相比，梯田上的有机碳含量显着较低（梯田上的AFDW为7- 19%，沼泽沉积物中的AFDW为17-24%）。沉积物的剪切强度为30千帕是最佳的%植物覆盖梯田。相对于潮汐淹没的梯田的高度是成功的盐生植物殖民化的关键决定因素。第二个轨迹（15个梯田中的3个）导致了大型和微型藻类垫的发展，覆盖率高达100%。这两种轨迹都造成了高达25厘米的垂直沉积物堆积。贝壳堤形成于2个阶地上。七梯田受到侵蚀，与干燥和缺乏，或损失，盐生植物覆盖。侵蚀阶地显示出地表降低（20-30厘米）和大量沉积物流失（深度大于50厘米的块体脱落）。十年后，15个梯田中的14个仍然提供了海堤的保护，只有一个需要重建。利用自然为基础的方法，包括海堤梯田导致形成三种类型的线性生境（盐沼，微生物垫，贝壳银行）提供一些生态系统服务，如果使用传统的硬工程修复将不会存在。
Sea walls are widely-used engineered structures designed to protect low lying land from flooding. Rising sea levels and coastal erosion threatens sea wall integrity and requires maintenance and repair. As an alternative to conventional repairs, a hybrid engineering design incorporating sediment-filled terraces to allow the development of salt marsh has been trialled to protect sea walls in the Colne-Blackwater Estuary complex, Essex. U.K. Over a 10 year period, three different trajectories of development were measured. Salt marsh halophytes colonised 7 out of 15 terraces, with % plant cover ranging between 5% and 170%. Halophyte species richness on terraces ranged from 1 to 8 species (average = 1.7 per 4 m2), compared to existing salt marsh adjacent to the repairs (max. species richness 9, average 6.85), with positive significant relationships between % halophyte cover and halophyte richness and between % halophyte cover and sediment water content (19–51% on terraces). Organic carbon content was significantly lower on the terraces compared to existing salt marsh (7–19 % AFDW on terraces, 17–24% in marsh sediments). A sediment shear strength of 30 kPa was optimal for % plant cover on terraces. The height of the terraces relative to tidal inundation was a key determinant of successful halophyte colonisation. A second trajectory (3 of 15 terraces) resulted in development of macro- and microalgal mats, up to 100 % cover. Both these trajectories resulted in up to 25 cm of vertical sediment accretion. Shell banks formed on 2 terraces. Seven terraces were subject to erosion, associated with desiccation and absence, or loss, of halophyte cover. Eroding terraces showed both surface lowering (20–30 cm) and massive sediment failure (blocks >50 cm deep falling away). After a decade, protection of the sea wall was still provided by 14 of the 15 terraces, with only one having to be rebuilt. Utilising a nature-based approach incorporating sea wall terraces resulted in the formation of three types of linear habitat (salt marsh, microbial mats, shell banks) providing some ecosystem services that would not have existed if a conventional hard-engineered repair had been used.
登录
查看更多内容
了解恢复的盐沼中的系统扰动和生态系统服务：整合物理和生物地球化学过程
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
K. Spencer;G. Harvey
通讯作者：
G. Harvey
葛西临海公园海堤上紫菀分布的影响因素研究
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
三島 らすな;G. Tim;宣 倉本
通讯作者：
宣 倉本
联合国生态系统恢复十年2021-2030——恢复沿海生态系统成功的机会有多大？
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
N. Waltham;M. Elliott;Shing Yip Lee;C. Lovelock;C. Duarte;Christina A. Buelow;C. Simenstad;I. Nagelkerken;L. Claassens;C. Wen;M. Barletta;R. Connolly;C. Gillies;W. Mitsch;M. Ogburn;J. Purandare;H. Possingham;M. Sheaves
通讯作者：
M. Sheaves
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
K. Wasson;R. Jeppesen;C. Endris;Danielle C. Perry;A. Woolfolk;Kathryn M. Beheshti;M. Rodríguez;R. Eby;E. Watson;F. Rahman;J. Haskins;Brent B. Hughes
通讯作者：
K. Wasson;R. Jeppesen;C. Endris;Danielle C. Perry;A. Woolfolk;Kathryn M. Beheshti;M. Rodríguez;R. Eby;E. Watson;F. Rahman;J. Haskins;Brent B. Hughes
利用公民科学估算英国盐沼地表土壤蓝碳储量
DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2022.959459
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Remote. Sens.
影响因子：
--
作者：
C. Smeaton;A. Burden;Paulina Ruranska;C. Ladd;A. Garbutt;L. Jones;Lucy McMahon;Lucy C. Miller;M. W. Skov;W. Austin
通讯作者：
W. Austin