Sero - epidemiology of brucellosis in people and their livestock: A linked human - animal cross-sectional study in a pastoralist community in Kenya.
Sero - epidemiology of brucellosis in people and their livestock: A linked human - animal cross-sectional study in a pastoralist community in Kenya.
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人及其牲畜布鲁氏菌病的血清流行病学：在肯尼亚一个牧民社区进行的一项相关的人-动物横断面研究。
DOI：
10.3389/fvets.2022.1031639
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Thumbi, S. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Muema, Josphat;Oboge, Harriet;Mutono, Nyamai;Makori, Anita;Oyugi, Julius;Bukania, Zipporah;Njuguna, Joseph;Jost, Christine;Ogoti, Brian;Omulo, Sylvia;Thumbi, S. M.
布鲁氏菌病与全世界畜牧业生产的大规模损失和人类发病率有关。尽管这些社区中人与动物的互动频繁，但由于关于患病率和暴露风险因素的数据稀缺，控制牧民社区布鲁氏菌病的努力受到限制。这项研究同时评估了同一家庭中牧民及其牲畜的布鲁氏菌病血清流行率以及相关的暴露因素。我们在肯尼亚马萨比特县的牧民社区进行了一项横断面研究。共有 1,074 名妇女和 225 名儿童参与并提供了血液样本。还从 1,876 只山羊、322 只绵羊和 189 头骆驼中抽取了血液。收集血样，使用间接 IgG 酶联免疫吸附测定 (ELISA) 试剂盒筛选是否存在抗布鲁氏菌 IgG 抗体。此外，还使用结构化调查问卷获取了个人、家庭和群体层面的流行病学信息。使用 Pearson 卡方检验比较组间差异，p 值 < 0.05 被认为具有统计显着性。使用行政病房作为随机效应的广义混合效应多变量逻辑人类和动物模型用于确定与结果相关的变量。家庭血清阳性率为 12.7%（95% CI：10.7–14.8）。人类个体血清阳性率为 10.8% (9.1–12.6)，其中女性血清阳性率高于儿童 (12.4 vs. 3.1%，p < 0.001)。个体动物群体血清阳性率为 26.1% (23.7–28.7) 和 19.2% (17.6–20.8)。山羊的血清阳性率最高，为 23.1% (21.2 – 25.1)，其次是绵羊 6.8% (4.3–10.2) 和骆驼 1.1% (0.1–3.8)。相对于骆驼，山羊和绵羊的暴露风险较高，OR = 3.8（95% CI 2.4-6.7，p < 0.001）和 2.8（1.2-5.6，p < 0.007）。人类和动物血清阳性率显着相关（OR = 1.8，[95%CI：1.23–2.58]，p = 0.002）。牛群血清流行率因户主教育程度（OR = 2.45，[1.67–3.61，p < 0.001]）和牛群规模（1.01，[1.00–1.01]，p < 0.001）而异。目前的研究表明，有证据表明布鲁氏菌病在该牧民环境中流行，并且在家庭水平上动物和人类布鲁氏菌病血清阳性之间存在显着关联，代表潜在的职业风险。需要提高公众健康意识并持续进行人类和动物布鲁氏菌病筛查。
Brucellosis is associated with massive livestock production losses and human morbidity worldwide. Efforts to control brucellosis among pastoralist communities are limited by scarce data on the prevalence and risk factors for exposure despite the high human-animal interactions in these communities. This study simultaneously assessed the seroprevalence of brucellosis and associated factors of exposure among pastoralists and their livestock in same households. We conducted a cross-sectional study in pastoralist communities in Marsabit County – Kenya. A total of 1,074 women and 225 children participated and provided blood samples. Blood was also drawn from 1,876 goats, 322 sheep and 189 camels. Blood samples were collected to be screened for the presence of anti-Brucella IgG antibodies using indirect IgG Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kits. Further, Individual, household and herd-level epidemiological information were captured using a structured questionnaire. Group differences were compared using the Pearson's Chi-square test, and p-values < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Generalized mixed-effects multivariable logistic human and animal models using administrative ward as the random effect was used to determine variables correlated to the outcome. Household-level seropositivity was 12.7% (95% CI: 10.7–14.8). The individual human seroprevalence was 10.8% (9.1–12.6) with higher seroprevalence among women than children (12.4 vs. 3.1%, p < 0.001). Herd-level seroprevalence was 26.1% (23.7–28.7) and 19.2% (17.6–20.8) among individual animals. Goats had the highest seroprevalence 23.1% (21.2 – 25.1), followed by sheep 6.8% (4.3–10.2) and camels 1.1% (0.1–3.8). Goats and sheep had a higher risk of exposure OR = 3.8 (95% CI 2.4–6.7, p < 0.001) and 2.8 (1.2–5.6, p < 0.007), respectively relative to camels. Human and animal seroprevalence were significantly associated (OR = 1.8, [95%CI: 1.23–2.58], p = 0.002). Herd seroprevalence varied by household head education (OR = 2.45, [1.67–3.61, p < 0.001]) and herd size (1.01, [1.00–1.01], p < 0.001). The current study showed evidence that brucellosis is endemic in this pastoralist setting and there is a significant association between animal and human brucellosis seropositivity at household level representing a potential occupational risk. Public health sensitization and sustained human and animal brucellosis screening are required.
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影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Njeru J;Wareth G;Melzer F;Henning K;Pletz MW;Heller R;Neubauer H
通讯作者：
Neubauer H
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Humphry, RW;Cameron, A;Gunn, GJ
通讯作者：
Gunn, GJ
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Kubuafor, DK;Awumbila, B;Akanmori, BD
通讯作者：
Akanmori, BD
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Kiambi, Stella G.;Fevre, Eric M.;de Glanville, William A.
通讯作者：
de Glanville, William A.
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Njenga, M. Kariuki;Ogolla, Eric;Osoro, Eric Mogaka
通讯作者：
Osoro, Eric Mogaka