Earthquake fault superhighways

Earthquake fault superhighways
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地震断层高速公路

DOI:
10.1016/j.tecto.2010.01.010
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发表时间:
2010
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Robinson D
Robinson D
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Robinson D

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由于观察到以超剪切速度传播的罕见地震发生在非常长的断层直线段上,我们研究了全球陆地上已知的每一个主要的活动走滑断层系统,识别出那些具有长(100公里)直线部分不仅能够持续的超剪切破裂速度,而且有可能在相当远的距离上达到纵波速度的地震,并将它们称为“断层高速公路”。文中还讨论了识别这些缺陷的标准。这些高速公路包括位于中国和越南境内、途经河内、长1000公里的红河断裂的部分路段、加利福尼亚州长1050公里、靠近洛杉矶、圣巴巴拉和旧金山的圣安德烈亚斯断裂、位于巴基斯坦卡拉奇以北、长1100公里的查曼断裂系统、连接缅甸、仰光和曼德勒第一和第二城市的700公里长的Sagaing断裂、长1600公里的苏门答腊岛大断裂,以及1000公里的死海断裂。在被分类的11个断层中,9个位于亚洲,2个位于北美,其中7个位于人口非常密集的地区附近。根据目前每条断层高速公路50公里内的人口分布情况,我们发现,今天有超过6000万人因此而增加了地震危险性。
Motivated by the observation that the rare earthquakes which propagated for significant distances at supershear speeds occurred on very long straight segments of faults, we examine every known major active strike-slip fault system on land worldwide and identify those with long (>100km) straight portions capable not only of sustained supershear rupture speeds but having the potential to reach compressional wave speeds over significant distances, and call them “fault superhighways”. The criteria used for identifying these are discussed. These superhighways include portions of the 1000km long Red River fault in China and Vietnam passing through Hanoi, the 1050km long San Andreas fault in California passing close to Los Angeles, Santa Barbara and San Francisco, the 1100km long Chaman fault system in Pakistan north of Karachi, the 700km long Sagaing fault connecting the first and second cities of Burma, Rangoon and Mandalay, the 1600km Great Sumatra fault, and the 1000km Dead Sea fault. Of the 11 faults so classified, nine are in Asia and two in North America, with seven located near areas of very dense populations. Based on the current population distribution within 50km of each fault superhighway, we find that more than 60million people today have increased seismic hazards due to them.
DOI: 10.1029/1999jb900211
发表时间: 2001-04
影响因子: --
作者:
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通讯作者: K. Poplavskii;Y. Podladchikov;R. Stephenson
DOI: --
发表时间: 2008
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
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通讯作者: The Desert Group