Sex differences and the effects of intrauterine hypoxia on growth and in vivo heart function of fetal guinea pigs.
Sex differences and the effects of intrauterine hypoxia on growth and in vivo heart function of fetal guinea pigs.
复制标题
性别差异及宫内缺氧对豚鼠胎仔生长及体内心功能的影响。
DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.00249.2019
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Aberdeen,GrahamW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thompson,LorenP;Turan,Shifa;Aberdeen,GrahamW
我们假设胎儿对慢性宫内缺氧的生理适应取决于其性别和暴露的胎龄。妊娠豚鼠在妊娠25天（早发型）或50天（晚发型）暴露于室内空气（normmoxia， NMX）或10.5% O2（hypoxia， HPX）直到足月（~65天）。我们利用多普勒超声评估了HPX对血流动力学和心功能指标的影响，并确定了近期胎儿的性别相关差异。在子宫和胎体（FBW）中测定子宫/脐动脉搏动指数（PI指数）和胎儿心脏收缩和舒张功能指数[Tei指数和心房收缩所致被动充盈（E波）与心房收缩所致充盈（A波）（E/A比）]，并测定提取胎儿的器官重量。早发性和晚发性HPX均降低雄性和雌性的体重，对胎盘重量无影响，但增加了胎盘重量与体重之比。早发性HPX使子宫动脉PI升高，但不影响晚发性HPX情况对脐动脉PI均无影响。早发性HPX使男性和女性左心室E/A比值升高，而晚发性HPX仅使女性右心室E/A比值升高。缺氧对两种性别的Tei指数均无影响。早发性和晚发性HPX会引起胎盘功能不全和胎儿生长受限，并根据性别增加舒张充盈，女性胎儿比男性胎儿具有更大的补偿宫内缺氧的能力。
We hypothesized that the physiological adaptations of the fetus in response to chronic intrauterine hypoxia depend on its sex and the gestational age of exposure. Pregnant guinea pigs were exposed to room air (normoxia, NMX) or 10.5% O2(hypoxia, HPX) at either 25 days (early onset) or 50 days (late onset) of gestation until term (~65 days). We evaluated the effects of HPX on hemodynamic and cardiac function indices using Doppler ultrasound and determined sex-related differences in near-term fetuses. Indices of uterine/umbilical artery pulsatility (PI index) and fetal heart systolic and diastolic function [Tei index and passive filling (E-wave) to filling due to atrial contraction (A-wave) (E/A ratios), respectively] were measured in utero and fetal body (FBW) and organ weights measured from extracted fetuses. Both early- and late-onset HPX decreased FBW in both males and females, had no effect on placenta weights, and increased placenta weight-to-FBW ratios. Early- but not late-onset HPX increased uterine artery PI, but neither HPX condition affected umbilical artery PI. Early-onset HPX increased left ventricle E/A ratios in both males and females, whereas late-onset HPX increased the right ventricle E/A ratio in females only. Hypoxia had no effect on the Tei index in either sex. Early- and late-onset HPX induce placental insufficiency and fetal growth restriction and increase diastolic filling depending on the sex, with female fetuses having a greater capacity than males to compensate for intrauterine hypoxia.