Renal tubular transport: accumulation of p-aminohippurate by rabbit kidney slices.
Renal tubular transport: accumulation of p-aminohippurate by rabbit kidney slices.
复制标题
肾小管转运：兔肾切片对氨基马尿酸的积累。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1950
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Taggart
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. J. Cross;J. Taggart
用现有的各种实验技术很难对主动肾小管转运所涉及的生化机制进行研究。对分离的酶系统的研究充其量只能呈现一个复杂的生理过程的片断画面。清除技术虽然允许精确测量某些肾小管活动，但几乎没有揭示潜在化学事件的性质，此外，由于完整动物实验固有的某些限制，该技术也受到限制。因此，需要一种简单的实验程序，它允许观察准确反映肾小管转运的事件，b)同时测量某些代谢活动，c)实验条件的变化范围比完好的动物所能达到的范围更大。本文介绍了这一技术的发展和对氨基马尿酸(PAH)细胞转运的初步观察。本文所描述的程序是以前使用的几种方法的产物。钱伯斯和他的同事(I)在显微镜下观察了苯酚红进入组织培养的鸡中肾包囊的运输，并报道了几种代谢抑制剂对这一过程的影响。自那以后，福斯特(2)利用各种冷血动物的肾脏薄片或孤立的肾小管，设计了一种稍微简单的程序。本系列的第一篇论文(3)讨论了用这种技术获得的观测结果。不幸的是，这样的研究依赖于对肾脏组织的频繁、直接的可视化，并且必然局限于有色化合物。最近，斯特恩等人。(4)已经证明，在Warburg装置的盐水介质中孵育的脑片，能够在相当大的浓度梯度下积累谷氨酸。我们发现，这项技术可以很容易地适应于某些肾脏转运机制的研究。
I NVESTIGATIONS on the biochemical mechanisms involved in active renal tubular transport are difficult to approach with the various experimental techniques now available. The study of isolated enzyme systems can at best present only a fragmentary picture of a complex physiological process. The clearance technique, while permitting precise measurement of certain tubular activities throws little light on the nature of the underlying chemical events and, in addition, is handicapped by certain limitations inherent in intact animal experimentation. Consequently, there is a need for simple experimental procedures which will permit a>, the observation of events which accurately reflect tubular transport, b) the simultaneous measurement of certain metabolic activities, and c) the variation of experimental conditions over a broader range than can be achieved in the intact animals. The present paper is concerned with the development of such a technique and with preliminary observations on the cellular transport of p-aminohippurate (PAH). The procedure described in this paper is an outgrowth of several previously employed. Chambers and his associates (I) have observed microscopically the transport of phenol red into the tissue-cultured cysts of embryo chick mesonephros and have reported on the effects of several metabolic inhibitors on this process. Forster (2) has since devised a somewhat simpler procedure utilizing the thin kidney slices or isolated renal tubules of various cold blooded animals. The first paper of this series (3) dealt with observations obtained with this technique. Unfortunately, such studies depend upon the frequent, direct visualization of the kidney tissue and are necessarily limited to colored compounds. More recently, Stern et al. (4) have shown that brain slices, incubated in a saline medium in the Warburg apparatus, are capable of accumulating glutamate against a considerable concentration gradient. We have found that this technique can be readily adapted to the study of certain renal transport mechanisms.