Altered physiology in worker honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) infested with the mite Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae):: A factor in colony loss during overwintering?
Altered physiology in worker honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) infested with the mite Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae):: A factor in colony loss during overwintering?
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DOI：
10.1603/0022-0493(2004)097
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发表时间：
2004-06-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Omholt, SW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Amdam, GV;Hartfelder, K;Omholt, SW
狄斯瓦螨（Varroa destructor，安德森& Trueman）是西方蜜蜂（Apis mellifera L.）在欧洲和美国。在温带地区，螨的主要损失发生在越冬期间。为了更深入地了解这一现象，我们研究了螨对成年蜜蜂卵黄蛋白原滴度、血淋巴中总蛋白储存量、血细胞特性和蜕皮激素滴度的影响。这些生理特征是长期生存和内分泌功能的指标，我们表明，如果蜜蜂在蛹期被螨侵染，它们会发生变化。与未被感染的工人相比，成年蜜蜂作为蛹感染不完全发展的生理特征，典型的长寿越冬蜜蜂。因此，在晚秋杀死狄斯韦特氏弧菌的管理程序可能无法防止蜂群的损失，因为许多成年蜜蜂不再能够存活到春天。因此，温带气候的养蜂人应将联合收割机晚秋管理策略与处理方案相结合，使螨种群在冬蜂出现之前和期间保持在低水平。
The ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor (Anderson & Trueman) is the most destructive pest of the honey bee, Apis mellifera L., in Europe and the United States. In temperate zones, the main losses of colonies from the mites occur during colony overwintering. To obtain a deeper knowledge of this phenomenon, we studied the mites' impact on the vitellogenin titer, the total protein stores in the hemolymph, the hemocyte characteristics, and the ecdysteroid titer of adult honey bees. These physiological characteristics are indicators of long-time survival and endocrine function, and we show that they change if bees have been infested by mites during the pupal stage. Compared with noninfested workers, adult bees infested as pupae do not fully develop physiological features typical of long-lived wintering bees. Management procedures designed to kill V. destructor in late autumn may thus fail to prevent losses of colonies because many of the adult bees are no longer able to survive until spring. Beekeepers in temperate climates should therefore combine late autumn management strategies with treatment protocols that keep the mite population at low levels before and during the period when the winter bees emerge.