Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Studies of Wood-Based Cationic Cellulose Nanocrystals as Potential Immunomodulators
Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Studies of Wood-Based Cationic Cellulose Nanocrystals as Potential Immunomodulators
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DOI：
10.3390/nano10081603
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发表时间：
2020-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Sunasee, Rajesh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Imtiaz, Yusha;Tuga, Beza;Sunasee, Rajesh
多糖已被证明具有免疫调节特性。免疫系统的调节在生理过程以及自身免疫性和传染性疾病的治疗和/或预防中起着至关重要的作用。纤维素纳米晶体（CNCs）来源于纤维素，纤维素是地球上最丰富的多糖。cnc是一种新兴的晶体纳米材料，具有优异的物理化学性能，具有高端应用和商业化前景。本研究的目的是设计、合成和评估一系列具有生物相容性的木质阳离子CNCs作为潜在的免疫调节剂的细胞毒性。阴离子型碳纳米管通过接枝带有（+）NMe(3)和（+）NH(3)基团的阳离子聚合物而变成阳离子。傅里叶变换红外光谱、动态光散射、zeta电位和元素分析证明了阳离子碳纳米管的成功合成。透射电子显微镜和原子力显微镜均未观察到纳米晶体棒状结构的改变。使用三种不同的基于细胞的测定法（MTT、中性红和LIVE/DEAD(R)）和三种相关的小鼠和人类免疫细胞进行的细胞毒性研究表明，在所有测试的实验条件下，阳离子CNCs的细胞毒性非常低。总之，我们的研究结果表明，阳离子碳纳米管适合作为免疫调节剂和潜在的疫苗纳米佐剂进行进一步研究。
Polysaccharides have been shown to have immunomodulatory properties. Modulation of the immune system plays a crucial role in physiological processes as well as in the treatment and/or prevention of autoimmune and infectious diseases. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are derived from cellulose, the most abundant polysaccharide on the earth. CNCs are an emerging class of crystalline nanomaterials with exceptional physico-chemical properties for high-end applications and commercialization prospects. The aim of this study was to design, synthesize, and evaluate the cytotoxicity of a series of biocompatible, wood-based, cationic CNCs as potential immunomodulators. The anionic CNCs were rendered cationic by grafting with cationic polymers having pendant(+)NMe(3)and(+)NH(3)moieties. The success of the synthesis of the cationic CNCs was evidenced by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, and elemental analysis. No modification in the nanocrystals rod-like shape was observed in transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy analyses. Cytotoxicity studies using three different cell-based assays (MTT, Neutral Red, and LIVE/DEAD(R)) and three relevant mouse and human immune cells indicated very low cytotoxicity of the cationic CNCs in all tested experimental conditions. Overall, our results showed that cationic CNCs are suitable to be further investigated as immunomodulators and potential vaccine nanoadjuvants.