Archaeobotanical records of Middle and Late Neolithic agriculture from Shandong Province, East China, and a major change in regional subsistence during the Dawenkou Culture
Archaeobotanical records of Middle and Late Neolithic agriculture from Shandong Province, East China, and a major change in regional subsistence during the Dawenkou Culture
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DOI：
10.1177/0959683616641746
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发表时间：
2016-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Liu, YanChang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jin, GuiYun;Wagner, Mayke;Liu, YanChang
随着中国南方和东部地区水稻驯化和栽培起源的争论不断引起广大科学界的关注，位于驯化核心区域以外的长江下游地区的早稻开发的新证据非常重要。在这里，我们提出了新的考古植物学结果的植物宏化石和植硅体分析，包括直接日期的水稻颗粒从网站的东潘（4030-3820 cal. BC）和北迁（3700-2900 cal. BC）。这些结果填补了（至少部分）现有的差距之间的c。8000年前的新石器时代早期后里文化的稻米遗骸（c。公元前6500-5500年）山东高地以北的遗址和龙山文化（c。公元前2600-1900年）的遗址，那里实行密集的水稻农业。稻和粟对东潘的植物化石组合没有很大的贡献，而高粱（和较小程度上的狐尾草）粟对北迁的植物化石组合的贡献高达75%。这种增长可以解释为区域生存方式从北新文化时期强烈依赖野生资源和小规模种植到大汶口文化时期以小米为基础的经济的重大变化。
As heated debates about the origin of rice domestication and cultivation in southern and eastern China continuously attract attention of the broad scientific community, new evidence for early rice exploitation from the regions located outside the core area of domestication, the lower Yangtze, are very important. Here, we present new archaeobotanical results of plant macrofossil and phytolith analyses, including directly dated rice grains from the sites of Dongpan (4030-3820 cal. BC) and Beiqian (3700-2900 cal. BC). These results fill (at least partly) an existing gap between the c. 8000-year-old rice remains from the Early Neolithic Houli Culture (c. 6500-5500 BC) sites north of the Shandong Highlands and the Longshan Culture (c. 2600-1900 BC) sites, where intensive rice agriculture was practiced. Neither rice nor millet made substantial contribution to the plant macrofossil assemblage at Dongpan, while broomcorn (and to a lesser extent foxtail) millet contributed up to 75% to the macrofossil assemblage at Beiqian. This increase can be interpreted as a major change in regional subsistence from strongly relying on wild resources and small scale cultivation during the Beixin Cultural period to a millet-based economy during the Dawenkou Culture.