Observation of finite-wavelength screening in high-energy-density matter.

Observation of finite-wavelength screening in high-energy-density matter.
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DOI:
10.1038/ncomms7839
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发表时间:
2015-04-23
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Gericke, D. O.
Gericke, D. O.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chapman, D. A.;Vorberger, J.;Fletcher, L. B.;Baggott, R. A.;Divol, L.;Doeppner, T.;Falcone, R. W.;Glenzer, S. H.;Gregori, G.;Guymer, T. M.;Kritcher, A. L.;Landen, O. L.;Ma, T.;Pak, A. E.;Gericke, D. O.

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A key component for the description of charged particle systems is the screening of the Coulomb interaction between charge carriers. First investigated in the 1920s by Debye and Hückel for electrolytes, charge screening is important for determining the structural and transport properties of matter as diverse as astrophysical and laboratory plasmas, nuclear matter such as quark-gluon plasmas, electrons in solids, planetary cores and charged macromolecules. For systems with negligible dynamics, screening is still mostly described using a Debye–Hückel-type approach. Here, we report the novel observation of a significant departure from the Debye–Hückel-type model in high-energy-density matter by probing laser-driven, shock-compressed plastic with high-energy X-rays. We use spectrally resolved X-ray scattering in a geometry that enables direct investigation of the screening cloud, and demonstrate that the observed elastic scattering amplitude is only well described within a more general approach. Charge screening dominates the behaviour of high-energy plasmas, which exist in stars and possibly in future fusion technology. Here, the authors describe a theoretical framework for charge screening that goes beyond the conventional model and demonstrate its importance in analysing experimental data.
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