Motor overflow in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is associated with decreased extent of neural activation in the motor cortex.
Motor overflow in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is associated with decreased extent of neural activation in the motor cortex.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.08.001
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发表时间：
2015-09-30
影响因子：
11.3
通讯作者：
Mostofsky SH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gaddis A;Rosch KS;Dirlikov B;Crocetti D;MacNeil L;Barber AD;Muschelli J;Caffo B;Pekar JJ;Mostofsky SH
运动溢出是一种发育现象，通常在儿童后期消失。注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童经常出现异常持续的运动溢出。本研究采用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）在手指测序任务，以检查是否过度的运动溢出多动症儿童与运动回路激活程度降低。34名右撇子儿童（18名通常发展为对照组，16名ADHD）在执行手指测序任务时完成了fMRI。在手指测序任务和在扫描仪外进行的运动检查（PANESS）期间评价运动溢出。检查对侧和同侧运动网络ROI中溢出和激活程度的行为测量的诊断差异，沿着溢出和激活程度之间的相关性。与对照组相比，ADHD儿童在右手手指序列中表现出更大的溢出和更小的激活程度，在左侧初级运动皮层（BA4）和双侧运动前皮层（BA6）和补充运动区（SMA）。在ADHD儿童中，初级运动和运动前区激活程度的降低与手相关溢出运动的增加相关，但与对照组无关。这些研究结果表明，ADHD儿童的溢出运动可能反映了参与主动抑制任务执行不必要的同源运动回路的神经回路的招募减少。
Motor overflow is a developmental phenomenon that typically disappears by late childhood. Abnormal persistence of motor overflow is often present in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a finger-sequencing task to examine whether excessive motor overflow in children with ADHD is associated with decreased extent of motor circuit activation. Thirty-four right-handed children (18 typically developing controls, 16 ADHD) completed fMRI while performing a finger-sequencing task. Motor overflow was evaluated during a finger-sequencing task and a motor examination (the PANESS) performed outside the scanner. Diagnostic differences in behavioral measures of overflow and extent of activation in the contralateral and ipsilateral motor network ROIs were examined, along with correlations between overflow and extent of activation. Children with ADHD demonstrated greater overflow and lesser extent of activation in left primary motor cortex (BA4) and bilateral premotor cortex (BA6) and supplementary motor area (SMA) during right-hand finger-sequencing compared to controls. Decreased extent of primary motor and premotor activation correlated with increased hand-related overflow movements in children with ADHD but not controls. These findings suggest that overflow movements in children with ADHD may reflect decreased recruitment of neural circuitry involved in active inhibition of homologous motor circuitry unnecessary to task execution.