The Community Climate System Model version 3 (CCSM3)
The Community Climate System Model version 3 (CCSM3)
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DOI：
10.1175/jcli3761.1
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Smith, Richard D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Collins, William D.;Bitz, Cecilia M.;Smith, Richard D.
社区气候系统模式第3版(CCSM3)最近已经开发完成，并向气候社区发布。CCSM3是一个耦合的气候模式，由通量耦合器连接表示大气、海洋、海冰和陆地表面的分量。CCSM3的设计目的是在广泛的空间分辨率上产生逼真的模拟，使持续数千年的廉价模拟或大陆尺度动态、可变性和气候变化的详细研究成为可能。这篇论文将展示用于气候变化模拟的配置的结果，大气和陆地使用T85网格，海洋和海冰使用大约1度分辨率的网格。新系统在物理参数方面进行了几项重大改进。模式物理方面的增强旨在减少或消除CCSM以前版本产生的平均气候中的几个系统偏差。其中包括云过程、气溶胶辐射强迫、陆地-大气通量、海洋混合层过程和海冰动力学的新处理方法。海冰厚度、极地辐射收支、热带海面温度和云辐射效应都有显著改善。CCSM3可以产生稳定的千年持续时间的气候模拟，而无需对各组成部分模式之间交换的通量进行特别调整。尽管如此，在大陆以西沿海地区的海-气通量、ENSO变率的频谱、热带海洋降水的空间分布以及大陆降水和地面气温方面仍存在系统性偏差。目前正在进行将CCSM扩展为更准确、更全面的地球气候系统模型的工作。
The Community Climate System Model version 3 (CCSM3) has recently been developed and released to the climate community. CCSM3 is a coupled climate model with components representing the atmosphere, ocean, sea ice, and land surface connected by a flux coupler. CCSM3 is designed to produce realistic simulations over a wide range of spatial resolutions, enabling inexpensive simulations lasting several millennia or detailed studies of continental-scale dynamics, variability, and climate change. This paper will show results from the configuration used for climate-change simulations with a T85 grid for the atmosphere and land and a grid with approximately 1 degrees resolution for the ocean and sea ice. The new system incorporates several significant improvements in the physical parameterizations. The enhancements in the model physics are designed to reduce or eliminate several systematic biases in the mean climate produced by previous editions of CCSM. These include new treatments of cloud processes, aerosol radiative forcing, land-atmosphere fluxes, ocean mixed layer processes, and sea ice dynamics. There are significant improvements in the sea ice thickness, polar radiation budgets, tropical sea surface temperatures, and cloud radiative effects. CCSM3 can produce stable climate simulations of millennial duration without ad hoc adjustments to the fluxes exchanged among the component models. Nonetheless, there are still systematic biases in the ocean-atmosphere fluxes in coastal regions west of continents, the spectrum of ENSO variability, the spatial distribution of precipitation in the tropical oceans, and continental precipitation and surface air temperatures. Work is under way to extend CCSM to a more accurate and comprehensive model of the earth's climate system.